William Shakespeare
The empty vessels make (w. Shakespeare, 1564 - thousand six hundred) formerly: Edward De Wells (Edward De Vere) AD on April 23, 1564 in eng lance trafford town - 1616 May 3 Julian calendar (April 23), the famous British playwright and poet, the main works are romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, etc.lifeThe great English playwright and poet William Shakespeare was born in Britain in 1564 earthen vic county SiTeLaTeFu stratford-upon-avon. His father John Shakespeare's wool, leather and grain business grocer, 1565, civil affairs officer for the three years was elected mayor. Shakespeare's youth in local grammar school. He received a good education, but not of a university. In 1582, 18 with Shakespeare LinXiang NongGuNv 26-year-old Anne married perspective, 21, when had three children.He ~ 1592 1585 unfamiliar situations, is called "the lost years". After SiTeLaTeFu, to leave 1585 1590 years living in London, the troupe to become an actor and dramatist, began his writing career and the stage. He stands 30, dramatic world, after four years has become masters of English stage. 1592, theater manager p. repel Lou first mention of Shakespeare's plays the part of Henry vi. That same year, playwright, r. green before the thousand regrets to Calvin of Shakespeare's surname, citing allude to the next stage of Henry vi, scold Shakespeare's "a gorilla type, he was crow has quite a reputation. In 1593 ~ 1594, he published the creation of two long poem "Venus and adonis" and "rose" LuKeLi disgrace, to young aristocrat's claim sampdoria earl. He also wrote some miscellaneous poems published in 1609 and 154 sonnets. From the start, he is in 1594 by waitresses in the theater, called "asylum minister palace theatre" lords. 1598 years, he GeJian with others as a troupe shareholders global theater, after his main works here in the drama about public (later in 1609 increased "black godsworn theater"). He is traveling with a group, occasionally also come to college and law school act, The summer or disease, died in London theatre, to other performances. 1598 university in personage f. mills have in the wisdom of treasure, lists of Shakespeare's plays 35 years before, praised his comedies, tragedies are unapproachable, "and" ancient poems and plays, people first. But he was not published his plays. In 1596, in the name of his father for the title of "and" the gentleman to have the right, and successively crest three times a considerable estate purchased. 1603, James I was renamed ", enshrined in the theatrical troupe, and he was appointed to the presence of actor attendants. In his farewell 1612 return home in London. In 1616 died on April 23, was the holy trinity church in town. Before death left a will. He said the two portraits of the church is more reliable in busts and ROM shott portraits, the script has six signatures and sir Thomas more of the three page of the manuscript. In 1623, actor, j. h. kang dyer hamming and his plays, printed pairs folio 36 (including 20 is the first printed out the first pair of so-called "), the folio. 1722 Samuel Adams, someone from the aspect of the authors put forward continuously for ever, and attempt to confirm the question is bacon, c. Marlowe, sillett earl, Oxford earl, Derby county, etc, but lack of evidence.Shakespeare lived in London for twenty years, and during the his wife still staying in the Stella f. His destiny in the year to retreat return so rhys trafford in 1612 (.). Shakespeare in 1616 its twelfth birthday and died, and was holy trinity church. Before death left a will. He said the two portraits of the church is more reliable in busts and ROM shott portraits, the script has six signatures and sir Thomas more of the three page of the manuscript. In 1623, actor, j. h. kang dyer hamming and his plays, printed pairs folio 36 (including 20 is the first printed out the first pair of so-called "), the folio.Works,Shakespeare in the 20 ~ 1612 1590 year wrote 37 dramas (such as plus and darren Fletcher round robin's two your kiss is 38), still have two long poem and 154 sonnets. He plays more based on historical records, novels, folklore and old scene of materials, etc. To reflect the feudal society and capitalist society, history of transition, publicize the reality of the bourgeoisie humanist thought and theory viewpoint. Due to the extensive reference on ancient drama, British drama and emerging European medieval art, on the one hand, the culture, the profound understanding of social life observation, grasp the pulse of
The Times, so that Shakespeare to portray a number of vivid characters, broad, colorful picture of social life, and to grieve, poetic imagination and abound and unified in contradiction and rich life changing characteristics such as philosophy and critical spirit.
威廉·莎士比亚 莎士比亚（W. William Shakespeare；1564～1616）原名：爱德华·德·维尔（Edward De Vere） 公元1564年4月23日生于
英格兰斯特拉福镇－1616年5月3日（
儒略历4月23日），英国著名剧作家、诗人，主要作品有
《罗密欧与朱丽叶》、《哈姆雷特》等。
生平
伟大的英国剧作家、诗人威廉·莎士比亚1564年生于英国中部瓦维克郡埃文河畔斯特拉特福。其父约翰·莎士比亚是经营羊毛、皮革制造及谷物生意的杂货商，1565年任镇民政官，3年后被选为镇长。莎士比亚幼年在当地文法学校读书。他虽受过良好的基本教育，但是未上过大学。1582年，18岁的莎士比亚与同邻乡农家女26岁的安妮·哈瑟维结婚，不满21岁时已有了三个孩子。
1585～1592年间他的情况不详，被论者称为“失去的年头”。1585年后离开斯特拉特福，到伦敦谋生，1590年左右参加了剧团成为一名演员和剧作家，开始了他的舞台和创作生涯。他三十而立，蜚声剧坛，四年后就已经成了英国戏剧界的泰斗。1592年，剧院经理P.亨斯娄首先提到莎士比亚的剧作《
亨利六世》上篇。同年，剧作家R.格林死前在《千悔得一智》
中影射莎士比亚姓氏，并引用《亨利六世》下篇台词，骂莎士比亚是“一只暴发户式的乌鸦”，可见他当时已颇有名望。1593～1594年，他创作出版了两首长诗
《维纳斯与阿多尼斯》和《鲁克丽丝受辱记》，先后献给了年轻贵族索桑普顿伯爵。他还写过一些杂诗和1609年出版的 154首十四行诗。从1594年开始，他所在的剧团受内侍大臣庇护，称为“宫廷大臣剧团”。1598年左右，他作为剧团股东同其他人合建了环球剧场，他以后的戏剧作品主要在这里公演（后来大约1609年增加了“黑衣修士剧场”）。他自己也随团进宫演出，偶尔还去大学和法律学校演戏；夏季或
瘟疫流行，伦敦剧场停演时，就到外省演出。1598年大学人士F.米尔斯已在其《智慧的宝库》中，列举莎士比亚35岁以前的剧作，称赞他的喜剧、悲剧都“无与伦比”，能和古代第一流戏剧诗人们并称。但他生前没出版过自己的剧作。1596年，他以他父亲的名义申请到“绅士”称号和拥有纹章的权利,又先后3次购置了可观的房地产。1603年，
詹姆士一世继位，他的剧团改称“国王供奉剧团”，他和团中演员被任命为御前侍从。1612年左右他告别伦敦回到家乡定居。1616年 4月23日病逝，葬于镇上的圣三一教堂。死前留有遗嘱。他的两个据说比较可靠的肖像是教堂中的半身塑像和德罗肖特画像，手迹则有 6份签名和《托马斯·莫尔爵士》一剧中三页手稿。1623年，演员J.海明和H.康代尔把他的剧作印成对开本，收进36出戏(其中20出是首次付印)，号称“第一对开本”。从1772年开始，有人对于莎剧的作者不断提出过疑问，并且企图证实作者是培根、C.马洛、勒特兰伯爵、牛津伯爵、德比伯爵等等，但都缺乏证据。
莎士比亚在伦敦住了二十多年，而在此期间他的妻子仍一直呆在斯特拉福。他在接近天命之年时隐退回归故里斯特拉福（1612年左右）。1616年莎士比亚在其五十二岁生日前后不幸去世，葬于圣三一教堂。死前留有遗嘱。他的两个据说比较可靠的肖像是教堂中的半身塑像和德罗肖特画像，手迹则有 6份签名和《托马斯·莫尔爵士》一剧中三页手稿。1623年，演员J.海明和H.康代尔把他的剧作印成对开本，收进36出戏(其中20出是首次付印)，号称“第一对开本”。
作品
莎士比亚在约1590～1612的20余年内共写了三十七部戏剧（如加上与弗莱彻合写的《两位贵亲》则是三十八部），还写有二首长诗和一百五十四首十四行诗。他的戏剧多取材于历史记载、小说、民间传说和老戏等已有的材料，反映了封建社会向
资本主义社会过渡的历史现实，宣扬了新兴资产阶级的
人道主义思想和
人性论观点。由于一方面广泛借鉴古代戏剧、英国中世纪戏剧以及欧洲新兴的文化艺术，一方面深刻观察人生，了解社会，掌握时代的脉搏，故使莎士比亚得以塑造出众多栩栩如生的人物形象，描绘广阔的、五光十色的社会生活图景，并使之以悲喜交融、富于诗意和想象、寓统一于矛盾变化之中以及富有人生哲理和批判精神等特点著称。