“willful”behavior
as with "maliciously",the term "willfully" usually adds nothing to the general "mens rea"requiremnet.In most statutes,to commit an illegal act "willfully" is simply to commit it intentionally .for example,consider these statutes.
it is unlawful to willfully disturb another person by loud and "unreasonable noise"
anyone who willfully encourages another to commit suicide is "guilty of a felony"
each of these statutes merely requires the government to show that a person intentionally committed the act made illegal by the statute.