第1个回答 2019-01-12
知识建构：
简单句
：只包含一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子，称作简单句。
简单句的基本句型：简单句有以下5种基本句型。
1．
主语+
不及物动词
例：It
is
raining
heavily.
My
tooth
aches.
2．
主语
+
及物动词
+
宾语
例：They
enjoy
the
play.
I
met
John
in
the
street
yesterday.
3．
主语
+
系动词
+
表语
例：He
is
out.
Jenny
is
fine.
It
looks
like
rain,
soon.
4
主语
+
及物动词
+
双宾语
例：He
bought
her
a
watch.
The
sun
gives
us
light.
注意：双宾语一个指人（即
间接宾语
），另一个指物（即
直接宾语
）。一般间接宾语位于直接宾语的前面，有时它们也可交换位置，这是需要在间接宾语的前面加上介词to
或for
。
常见的双宾语结构：bring
sb.
sth
(bring
sth
to
sb).
give
sb.
sth
(give
sth
to
sb.)
hand
sb.
sth
(hand
sth
to
sb.)
leave
sb.
sth
(leave
sth.to
sb)
lend
sb.
sth
(lend
sth
to
sb)
pass
sb
sth
(pass
sth
to
sb)
return
sb.
sth
(return
sth
to
sb)
send
sb
sth
(send
sth
to
sb)
show
sb
sth
(show
sth.
to
sb.)
tell
sb
sth
(tell
sth
to
sb
)
write
sb
sth
(write
sth
to
sb
)
buy
sb
sth
(buy
sth
for
sb
)
do
sb
sth
(do
sth
for
sb
)
get
sb
sth
(get
sth
for
sb
)
make
sb.
sth
(make
sth
for
sb)
pay
sb.
sth
(pay
sth
for
sb)
sing
sb
sth
(sing
sth
for
sb
)
5．
主语
+
及物动词
+
宾语
+
补足语
例：She
found
him
a
very
clever
student.
I
make
it
a
rule
to
get
up
early
in
the
morning.
注意：当宾语意思表达不完整时，需要用不足与补充说明宾语的状态、性质等。用作
宾语补足语
的通常有名词、形容词、动词
不定式
等。当
谓语动词
为see,
hear
,
watch,
feel
等
感官动词
或者let,
have
,
make
等
使役动词
时，如果不定式作宾语补足语，必须省略to。