第1个回答 2022-06-06
Decision fatigue: Why it's so hard to make up your mind, and how to make it easier
决策疲劳：为什么下定决心如此困难，以及如何让做决定变得更容易
From the moment we wake up each day, we're faced with a continuous stream of choices. When there are too many options, we tend to feel overwhelmed, anxious, stressed or otherwise out of sorts. This is decision fatigue, a state of mental overload that can impede our ability to make additional decisions.
从我们每天醒来的那一刻起，我们就面临着接连不断的选择。当有太多选择的时候，我们往往会产生不知所措、焦虑、紧张或其他不适的感觉。这就是决策疲劳，它是一种精神超负荷的状态，会削弱我们做更多决定的能力。
When decision fatigue kicks in, you may feel like you just don't have the mental bandwidth to deal with more decisions. This can lead to decisional paralysis or depleted self-control, causing you to avoid making certain choices entirely, to go with the default option or to make ones that aren't in line with your goals or values, experts say.***
当你处于决策疲劳状态时，你可能会觉得没有足够的心智“带宽”来处理更多的决定。专家认为，这会导致决策不力或者自控能力下降，使你完全逃避做出某些选择，选择既定的选项或是做出与你的目标或价值观不符的选择。
Here's how to minimize or manage this phenomenon:
以下是如何尽可能避免或解决这种现象的方法：
Make some choices automatic. Some easy ways to do this: When you go grocery shopping, use a master list that has the same staples, and buy the same brands each time. If you like having oatmeal for breakfast, stick with it on a daily basis. And if you're trying to exercise regularly, dedicate a consistent chunk of time for it every day.
让一些选择变成习惯。有一些简单的方法可以做到这一点：当你去杂货店购物时，使用一张包含同样食物的总清单，并每次都买一些相同的品牌；如果你喜欢早餐吃燕麦片，就每天坚持吃它；如果你想要规律地锻炼，那么每天花一整块时间持续锻炼。
Tune into how you're feeling. Be alert to signs of decision fatigue and act accordingly: If you've had a demanding day that was filled with lots of decisions, put off making another one, if you can. If things that wouldn't normally faze you start bothering you, consider that a sign that you may not be in the optimal state of mind to make a major decision. "People may not realize that they're experiencing decision fatigue," Baumeister, a professor of psychology at the University of Queensland in Australia, says. "It's something to watch out for."
了解自己的感觉。警惕决策疲劳的迹象，并采取相应的行动。如果你已经经历了任务艰巨的一天，做了许多的决定，那么，尽量推迟做出其他决定。如果往常不会让你烦恼的事情开始困扰你，这也是一个信号，表明你可能没有处于做出重大决定的最佳心理状态。澳大利亚昆士兰大学的心理学教授鲍迈斯特说：“人们可能没有意识到他们正在经历决策疲劳。这是一件值得关注的事情。”
主编：桃子、Seika
品控：桃子
审核：菜菜
重点词汇
fatigue
/fəˈtiːɡ/
n. 疲惫，劳累
英文释义：extreme tiredness
例句：Someone is suffering from physical and mental fatigue.（某个人心力交瘁。）
make up one's mind
下定决心，打定主意
例句：I haven't made up my mind where to go yet.
a stream of
一连串
相关词汇：stream（n. 一连串；小河，溪流）
搭配短语：a mountain stream（山间的小溪）
例句：I had a constant stream of visitors while I was ill.
(be) out of sorts
有些不舒服
例句：I've been feeling tired and generally out of sorts.
overload
/ˌoʊ.vɚˈloʊd/
n. 超负荷，过载
相关词汇：over（prep. 在……以上，多于）
相关词汇：load（n. 车辆、桥梁等的负重，负荷）
搭配短语：information overload
impede
/ɪmˈpiːd/
v. 妨碍，阻碍
词根词缀：im-（表示否定）
词根词缀：-pede（表示“脚”）
例句：Heavy rain impeded our journey.
kick in
开始见效，起作用
英文释义：take effect
例句：It takes half an hour for the medication to kick in.
paralysis
/pəˈræl.ə.sɪs/
n.（活动、工作等）能力的完全丧失；瘫痪
相关词汇：paralyse（v. 使瘫痪，或者使某样东西不能正常运作）
例句：A sudden snowstorm paralysed the city.
英文释义：the state of being unable to act properly
depleted
/dɪˈpliː.t̬ɪd/
adj. 消耗的，减少的
相关词汇：deplete（v. 消耗资源或精力）
搭配短语：to deplete the Earth's natural resources
近义词：reduced
go with sth.
接受；随……而去
文化补充：小说《飘》的英文名是“Gone with the Wind”，形容主人公失去了她的至亲和故乡，美好的往事随风而去。
英文释义：accept
例句：I think I should go with her suggestions.
default
/dɪˈfɑːlt/
n. 默认结果；默认值
搭配短语：default settings（默认设置；default 作名词，修饰 settings，是名词修饰名词的用法）
in line with sth.
与……一致
相关词汇：line（n.（一群人排列等候所形成的）队，排）
例句：My thinking is in line with yours.
automatic
/ˌɑː.t̬əˈmæt̬.ɪk/
adj. 习惯的，不假思索的；自动化的
例句：The coffee machine is fully automatic.（自动化的）
英文释义：do sth. without thinking because you have done the same thing many times before
staple
/ˈsteɪ.pəl/
n. 主要食物；主要成分
英文释义：a main or important element of something, especially of a diet
例句：Fish is a staple in the diet of many Africans.
dedicate
/ˈded.ə.keɪt/
v. 献出（全部精力、时间等）；致力于，投身于
例句：He has dedicated his life to scientific research.
tune into sth.
了解
相关词汇：tune（n. 曲子，旋律）
例句：The piano is out of tune.（n. 曲子，旋律）
词性拓展：tune（v. 为（乐器）调音）
英文释义：to be aware of or understand other people's thoughts, feelings or needs
例句：We must tune into the needs of the people we love.
accordingly
/əˈkɔːr.dɪŋ.li/
adv. 相应地
相关短语：according to
搭配短语：to cook the rice according to the instructions
例句：As the world population continues to grow, food needs will increase accordingly.
demanding
/dɪˈmæn.dɪŋ/
adj. 费时费力的，耗费精力的；（人）苛求的
搭配短语：a demanding task（费时费力的）
搭配短语：a demanding boss（（人）苛求的）
put off
推迟
英文释义：delay
搭配短语：to put off things till the last minute
faze
/feɪz/
v. 使担忧
近义词：disturb, worry, bother
例句：She's so calm. Nothing seems to faze her.
optimal
/ˈɑːp.tə.məl/
adj. 最优的，最佳的
搭配短语：the optimal solution
watch out for sb. / sth.
留神，密切注意
例句：Watch out for the broken glass!
例句：Credit-card fraud is on the increase, so watch out for it.