转自公众号 : BioinfoNDD
发表年份 ：2022.07
发表杂志 ：Nature
影响因子 ：69.504
JCR分区 ：Q1
作者团队 ：Matthew B. Ross, Britta M. Glennon, Raviv Murciano-Goroff, Enrico G. Berkes, Bruce A. Weinberg和Julia I. Lane
论文题目 ：
Women are Credited Less in Science than are Men
论文摘要 ：
There is a well-documented gap in the observed number of scientific works produced by women and men in science, with clear consequences for the retention and promotion of women in science1. The gap might be a result of productivity differences2-5, or it might be due to women’s contributions not being acknowledged6,7. This paper finds that at least part of this gap is due to the latter: women in research teams are significantly less likely to be credited with authorship than are men. The findings are consistent across three very different sources of data. Analysis of the first source - large scale administrative data on research teams, team scientific output, and attribution of credit - show that women are significantly less likely to be named on any given article or patent produced by their team relative to their peers. The gender gap in attribution is found across almost all scientific fields and career stages. The second source – an extensive survey of authors – similarly shows that women’s scientific contributions are systematically less likely to be recognized. The third source – qualitative responses – suggests that the reason is that their work is often not known, not appreciated, or ignored. At least some of the observed gender gap in scientific output may not be due to differences in scientific contribution, but to differences in attribution.
在观察到的由女性和男性在科学领域创作的科学作品数量存在有据可查的差距，这对女性在科学领域的保留和提升产生了明显的影响。1.这种差距可能是生产力差异的结果2-5，或者可能是由于女性的贡献没有得到承认6,7.这篇论文发现，这种差距至少有一部分是由于后者：研究团队中的女性比男性更不可能被认定为作者。这些发现在三个非常不同的数据源中是一致的。对第一个来源的分析——关于研究团队的大规模行政数据、团队科学产出和信用归属——表明，与同行相比，女性在团队制作的任何特定文章或专利上被点名的可能性要小得多。几乎所有科学领域和职业阶段都存在归因方面的性别差距。第二个来源——对作者的广泛调查——同样表明，女性的科学贡献系统地不太可能得到认可。第三个来源 - 定性反应 - 表明原因是他们的工作往往不为人知，不被欣赏或被忽视。在科学产出中观察到的性别差距中，至少有些可能不是由于科学贡献的差异，而是由于归因的差异。