第1个回答 2012-08-04
1. 形容词后缀
(1)带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义
1)-able, -ible, visible, flexible
2)名词-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish(注意
accomplish, vanish)
3)-ive, active, sensitive, productive
4)-like, manlike, childlike
5)名词-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly
6)-some, troublesome, handsome
7)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful
8)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various
9)-ent, violent
10)-most, foremost, topmost
11)less, 表示否定，countless, stainless, wireless
2. 动词后缀
1)-ize, ise, 表示"做成，变成，……化“modernize,
mechanize, democratize, organize
2)-en, 表示"使成为，引起，使有” quicken, weaken,
soften, harden
3)-fy, 表示"使……化, 使成”beautify, purify,
intensify, signify, simplify
4)-ish, 表示"使，令” finish, abolish, diminish,
establish
5)-ate, 表示“成为……，处理，作用” separate,
operate, indicate
3. 副词后缀
(形容词)-ly：bad→badly坏地/恶劣地，careful→
carefully小心地
-wise(OE)：clock→clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的
(地);like→likewise同样地
-wards：out→outwards向外面地，north→northwards向北
方地
4. 名词后缀
1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物：
worker, debtor
2)-acy, 表示"性质，状态，境遇" democracy, accuracy,
diplomacy
3)-ance, -ence表示"性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程
度” importance, diligence, difference, obedience
4)-ancy, -ency, 表示"性质，状态，行为，过程"
frequency, urgency, efficiency,
5)-bility, 表示"动作，性质，状态" possibility,
flexibility, feasibility,
6)-dom, 表示"等级，领域，状态" freedom, kingdom,
wisdom
7)-hood, 表示"资格，身份, 年纪，状态" childhood,
manhood, falsehood
8)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示"行为的过
程，结果，状况" action, solution, conclusion,
destruction, expression, correction
9)-ism, 表示"制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为"
socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism
10)-ity, 表示"性质，状态，程度” purity, reality,
ability, calamity
11)-ment, 表示"行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果
treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument
12)-ness, 表示"性质，状态，程度" goodness, kindness,
tiredness, friendliness
13)-ship, 表示"情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业”
hardship, membership, friendship
14)-th, 表示"动作，性质，过程，状态" depth, wealth,
truth, length, growth
15)-tude, 表示"性质，状态，程度" latitude, altitude(
海拔)
16)-ure, 表示"行为，结果" exposure, pressure,
failure, procedure(手续)，
17-grapy, 表示"……学，写法” biography,
calligraphy, geography
18)-ic, ics, 表示"……学……法" logic, mechanics,
electronics, linguistics
19)-ology, 表示"……学……论”biology, zoology,
technology(工艺学)
20)-nomy, 表示"……学……术" astronomy, economy,
bionomy(生态学)