自然历史英语

如题所述

第1个回答  2022-10-29

一、关于大自然的英语短文

我与自然 Living in the concrete jungle, we have to admit that our busy. extravagant lives are corroding our souls little by little. Only by being close to nature can we recover our vitality and go back our true selves. Breathing in fresh air, *** elling the fragrance of flowers and listening to the sounds of birds and streams, we can release our tensions and listening to the sounds of birds and streams, we can our tensions and cleanse our minds of the tiresome things around us. Form the journey of water, we can understand the circle of life. Also, we can learn to be kind people from the peace of mountains. We can learn a lot as we enjoy the cozy atmosphere of nature. We may consider nature as a great book, and noting in the can delight us as much as it!自然资源-Natural Resources Natural Resources Nature has provided us with many kinds of resources. Al most everything we use in our everyday life es from Nature. The food we eat, the water we drink, the clothes we wear, the concrete and bricks to build our houses, the materi als to make bikes we ride, etc, all e originally from Nature. People have been making use of these natural supplies for thousands of years. With the development of technology and the increase of the population, the amount and range of mate rials taken has increased. It is estimated that this tread will continue in the years to e. However, natural resouces are not in exhaustible. Some resources are already nearly used up. For example, the end of the world's fuel is already within sight. Such an essential daily item as water is in short supply in many parts of the world. We can no longer thoughtlessly use the many resources provided by. Nature. We must learn to conserve what remains.[参考译文] 自然资源 大自然给我们提供了各种资源。

我们日常生活中几乎所有的东西都来自大自然。我们吃的粮,喝的水,穿的衣,建房用的水泥、砖,生产自行车用的材料等,都来源于大自然。

人们对大自然的利用有几千年的历史。随着技术的进步,人口的增加,自然资源的用量和范围都急剧增加。

据估计这种趋势将与日俱增。 然而,自然资源并非取之不尽,用之不竭。

有些资源几乎已接近枯竭。例如,燃料资源匮乏已近在眼前。

许多地方日常生活所必需的水已经供不应求。我们已不能再不加思索地使用大自然所赐予我们的资源了。

我们必须学会保存那些剩余的资源。

二、历史 英文

回顾19世纪历史学作为一门学科建立初始,就曾经出现对该学科定位上的论争。

一方主张仿照自然科学的范式来构建历史学,他们宣称:“历史学,一门不折不扣的科学”;而另一方则主张按文学艺术等人文学科的范式来构建历史学,他们声称:“克莱奥,一位缪斯”,意指历史之神是艺术之神,同科学无缘。此后,就历史学能否作为科学加以建构这个根本性问题,就一直萦绕在历史学研究者的心中,不管是否明确地表达,每个历史研究者都有对历史学定位的认识,并按照这种认识来进行具体的历史研究。

历史哲学研究者还专门就历史学的科学性问题展开讨论。最初的历史哲学集中于对历史发展过程本身、亦即历史本体进行思考,力求揭示历史的发展规律。

这一派历史哲学研究后来被称为思辩的历史哲学,黑格尔、施本格勒、汤因比等是其代表。但他们所说的历史发展规律,不外乎归因于上帝或绝对精神之类的超验意志,或者类比生物或人体的生长、成熟、死亡的必然性,这种宿命式的规律观,自然缺少可信性。

于是历史哲学研究转向了历史认识是如何可能的认识论问题上,即通过考察历史研究者是如何研究历史、历史知识又是如何形成的来确定历史学的性质,给历史学以定位。这一派历史哲学被称为分析或批判的历史哲学,克罗齐、柯林武德等是其代表。

他们认为,历史研究充满了研究者的主体性干预,从课题的选择到研究资料的取舍、再到历史叙事的编排、历史解释的构建、直到历史现象的价值评判,都脱离不开历史研究者的主体性干预。在他们的认识里,研究者主体保持价值中立是不可能做到的。

因此,历史学的科学性受到更进一步的质疑。但是,一些致力于维护历史学科学地位的学者也在做着不懈的努力。

像二战后以法国年鉴学派和美国新经济史学派为代表的新史学就是在努力将历史学作为科学来加以建构的。前者尝试通过整合各门社会科学研究方法来建构“总体史”,以求揭示长时段的深层历史结构,并依此而赋予历史学的科学地位以合法性;后者则尝试吸纳经济学的计量方法研究历史上的一些可计量现象,并依据向社会科学中最具科学外观的学科的看齐来赋予历史学的科学地位以合法性。

但由于年鉴学派在整合跨学科方法上的失败而重新走向各学科方法的分立的“碎化”和新经济史学派滥用数学计量工具,最终未能取得令人满意的进展。这些在历史学科学性问题上的反复争论,反映出历史学不同于其他社会科学的特殊性,其根本性的症结就在于历史学研究对象的特殊性,它研究的是往昔旧事,既不能重现、又无法贴近观察,更无法反复实验与检验。

这种研究对象的特殊性,显然无法沿用自然科学流行的实证主义的评价标准来确认它的科学性。实证主义的科学评价标准就是通过反复证实来确认研究发现和解释的科学真理性,在这一点上,以现实为研究对象的经济学和社会学都相比历史学有一定的优势,它们也被称为社会科学中最“硬”的、也就是最类似于自然科学的学科。

Recalling the 19th-century history as a discipline to establish the initial on the location of the discipline have appeared on the controversy. One party is modeled on the paradigm of natural sciences to build a history, they declared: "History, an out-of science"; while the other is expounded by the literature and the humanities and arts paradigm to build a history, they claim: "Clio, a Muse," meaning of history that God is the god of the arts, with science and missed. Since then, the history of science to be able to build this as a fundamental issue has been lingering in the minds of researchers of history, whether or not clearly expressed,Every historical researcher has a right understanding of historical location and in accordance with this understanding to carry out a specific historical research. Philosophy of history researchers also specifically on the history of science issues to discuss. The initial philosophy of history concentrated on the historical development process itself, which is to reflect on the history ontology, and strive to reveal the laws of historical development. This school of historical studies in philosophy came to be known as the speculative philosophy of history, Hegel, Spengler, Toynbee and others are their representatives. But they say the laws of historical development, nothing more than due to the spirit of God, or the like is absolutely transcendent will, or the *** ogy of biological or human growth, into aCooked, the inevitability of death, this type of fatalistic view of the law, natural lack of credibility. Historical studies in philosophy then turned to the historical understanding of how the possible epistemological issue, that is by looking at historical researcher is how to study history, historical knowledge is formed to determine how the nature of history, giving history to locate. This school of philosophy of history is known as *** ysis or critici *** of the history of philosophy, Croce, Collingwood and others are their 。

三、历史的英文读音

历史的英文单词是:history——读音:英 [ˈhɪstri] 美 [ˈhɪstəri]

Willy Brandt made history by visiting East Germany in 1970.

威利·勃兰特1970年对东德的访问创造了历史。

用法:

相关短语

1、ancient history 古代史 ; 西洋古代史 ; 家喻户晓的故事

2、Church History 教会史 ; 教会历史 ; 基督教教会史

3、Muslim history *** 教历史 ; *** 帝国

4、Clinical History 病例 ; 病历 ; 临床病史

5、mand history 命令历史 ; 命令历史窗口 ; 历史指令窗 ; 历史命令窗口

6、Social History 社会历 ; 社会历史 ; 社会历史学

7、history painting 历史题材的绘画 ; 历史画 ; 历史绘画

8、Call History 通话记录 ; 通话历史记录 ; 呼叫历史记录

扩展资料:

一、历史学的的英文:historical

historical

adj. 历史的,史实的,历史上的,基于史实的

参考例句:John Stevenson is Reader in History at the University of Sheffield.

约翰·史蒂文森是谢菲尔德大学的历史学高级讲师。

二、历史系的英文:department of history

department:

n. 部,司,局,科,部门;(大学的)系

参考例句:Boasting one of the finest history departments in the US, Yale has many history professors of superstar status

演讲课常常是历史课的亮点,敢说拥有全美最优秀的历史系之一的耶鲁,有着很多具有超级名星地位的历史教授。

四、Tian 在自然历史博物馆担任导游用英语怎么说

Tian 在自然历史博物馆担任导游

Tian as a guide in the Museum of natural history

guide

英 [gaɪd] 美 [ɡaɪd]

vt.

指导;引路;操纵;影响

n.

导游;向导;指导者;有指导意义的事物

第三人称单数: guides 复数: guides 现在分词: guiding 过去式: guided 过去分词: guided

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