求大神帮忙解,谢谢

如题所述

第1个回答  2014-01-15

be是一个连系动词,它有自己不同的形式
现在时:be 进行时:being 过去时:was/were 过去分词:been
它的后面必须跟形容词或名词作表语,与之构成系表结构,充当句子的谓语。
i am a student主语:i 谓语:am a student(系表结构)
being是它的现在进行时态,一般不单独用,而是用于现在进行时的被动语态。(being+动词过去分词)
the bike is being repaired.单车正在被修理中。
it is being finished by him这正在被他完成中。
been是它的过去分词,也不一般单独使用,而是用于现在完成时、过去完成时以及需要它的句子。
i have been here for a long time.我已经到这里有一段时间了。
至于你的问题,这与你想表达的意思有关。
你的工作是什么?
what do you do? what is your job?
那么这里选用do和is有什么根据呢?
第一句里面,第二个do是指你做什么,也就是你的工作,就是一个实义动词。按中文说,what you do已经足够了。可是英语里面就不行,必须跟一个助动词,也就是do.
这里就有了一个结论:当句子中有动词时,我们就用助动词do或是does.如果没有动词时,我们就选用is或是are,也就是b“Be”除了原形的“be”之外,还有另外七种形式:am, is, are, been, being, was, were.

在句子中,“be”可以是主动词(The Principal Verb)或助动词(The Auxiliary Verb).

当主动词时,“be”在性质上属于接系动词(The Linking Verb), 后面要有名词、形容词、地方副词或短语作补足语(The Complement)。例如:

1. The man is a science teacher.

2. Mary's new dresses are colourful.

3. I have been there before.

4. Mother is in the kitchen now.

这四个都是陈述句,可以变成疑问句,方法简单,把主语和“be”或助动词对换位置即可:

5. Is the man a science teacher?

6. Are Mary's new dresses colourful?

7. Have I been there before?

8. Is mother in the kitchen now?

当“be”要在祈使句中出现时,它必须借重助动词“do”或“don't”之助,如:

9. Don't be silly!

10. Do be obedient!

11. Don't be a fool!

“Be”有两种缩写法,如下:

12. He's not...../He isn't....

13. You're not...../You aren't...

但“am + not”的缩写法只有一个:

14. I'm not.

有人用“ain't”, 但这并不是标准英语。

谈过了“be”作主动词的功能,现在看看“be”作助动词时,有些什么用法:

1.“Be + 现在分词”以组成进行式时态(Continuous Tenses),如:

15. Tony's maid is washing his new car.

16. The children are playing in the field.

17. Samuel was eating when I came in.

18. We have been living here since 1959.

2.“Be + 过去分词”以组成被动语态(The Passive Voice),如:

19. Her money in the drawer was stolen.

20. A number of good jobs are taken up byforeigners.

21. David studied in Taiwan but has been trained as a language lecturer in America.

22. Can all the wonderful birds be found in our Bird Park?

23. The disobedient boy was told to stand out- side the classroom.

24. Steps are being taken to reduce traffic con- gestion during peak hours.

25. Dishonest students will be immediately dealt with.




一、it作人称代词
1. 指代事物。作为人称代词,it 可以指除人以外的一切事物或动物。如:
Sam picked up some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. 山姆只是凭借看别人操作电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。(指the computer) (山东2010)
2. 指代人。主要用于指婴儿或未知的人。如:
I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone had done it. Was it you? 我正要剪切我的玫瑰丛但(发现)有人已经这样做了。是你干的吗?(未知的人) (湖南 2010)
3. 代替某些代词。代词 it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词 something, anything等。如:
— What’s this / that? 这/那是什么?
— It’s an orange. 这/那是一个橘子。
二、it作非人称代词
1. it用于指时间、距离、价值、自然现象、环境等。如:
It rained heavily in the south, causing serious flooding in several provinces. 南方下了大雨,在几个省造成了严重洪灾。 (指自然现象) (天津 2010)
2. it指代前面提到过的或谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。如:
【考例】
— Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me?
— Sure. ? (天津2010)
A. What help B. What is this
C. What is it D. What do you want
【简析】选C。第一个人询问是否可以帮忙,从第二个人的回答Sure,可以知道他愿意帮忙,所以随后他应该接着问“具体是什么事?” (What is it?)。
3. it组成的惯用语。
it可以用在一些动词、介词之后,表示特定的意思,构成固定搭配。如:
take it easy (别紧张,放松点),make it (做到,成功),believe it or not (信不信由你),forgetit (算了吧),manage it (设法做成某事),that’s it (这就对了,就这样),Don’t mention it (不用谢),It’s up to you (由你决定)。
Your house is always so neat — how do you manage it with three children? 你家里总是那么整洁——有三个孩子,你是怎么做到的? (山东 2010)
【考例】
— According to my grandma, it is a good idea to eat chicken soup when you have a cold.
— , scientists agree with her. (浙江 2010)
A. Sooner or later B. Once in a while
C. To be exact D. Believe it or not
【简析】选D。句意:“从奶奶那儿得知,感冒的时候喝鸡汤是个好主意。”“信不信由你,科学家们也这样认为。” 可知后者同意前者的观点。
三、it作形式主语
当不定式、动名词、从句等用作句子主语时,为保持句子平衡,通常把真正的主语放在句末,而在句首使用形式主语it。如:
— It’s no use having ideas only. 只有主意是没用的。
— Don’t worry. Peter can show you how to turn an idea into an act. 不用担心,彼得可以教你怎样把主意变为行动。 (辽宁 2010)
Is it all right if I keep this photo? 我留下这张相片可以吗? (全国II 2010)
【考例】The doctor thought would be good for you to have a holiday.
A. this B. that
C. one D. it (全国II 2010)
【简析】选D。从句中的it是形式主语,to have a holiday 是真正的主语。
四、it作形式宾语
当不定式、动名词、从句等用作句子的宾语时,通常把它们放在句末,而用it作句子的形式宾语。如:
Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have flexible schedules to make it easier to care for their children. 在外工作的母亲们应该有灵活的时间以便照看她们的孩子。


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