"Be surprised to do sth"和"Be surprised doing sth"都表达了对某事感到惊讶或意外的情绪，两者的释义有所区别。语法上，前者使用不定式形式，后者使用动名词形式。用法上，前者强调个人内心的感受和意外反应，而后者强调观察到的行为或事件引起的意外感。它们在释义、用法、使用环境、影响范围和形象上存在一些区别，具体内容如下所示。
1. 释义区别:
"Be surprised to do sth"指的是对于做某事感到惊讶或意外。"Be surprised doing sth"指的是在做某事时感到惊讶或意外。
例句:
She was surprised to find a gift on her desk. (她对在她的桌子上发现一份礼物感到惊讶。)
He was surprised seeing his favorite celebrity at the airport. (他在机场看到他最喜欢的名人时感到惊讶。)
2. 语法区别:
"Be surprised to do sth"中的动词形式为不定式（to do）。"Be surprised doing sth"中的动词形式为动名词（doing）。
例句:
I was surprised to hear the news. (听到这个消息我感到惊讶。)
She was surprised by her friend singing so well. (她朋友唱得这么好她感到惊讶。)
3. 用法区别:
"Be surprised to do sth"用于描述对意外或突发情况的出乎意料的反应。"Be surprised doing sth"用于描述在某个行为或事件发生时感到惊讶或意外的情绪。
例句:
I was surprised to see him at the party. (我在派对上见到他感到惊讶。)
They were surprised watching the fireworks display. (看烟花表演时他们感到惊讶。)
4. 使用环境区别:
"Be surprised to do sth"常用于描述个人的内心感受或态度变化。"Be surprised doing sth"常用于描述观察到的外部情况或事件。
例句:
She was surprised to receive a promotion at work. (她在工作中升职感到惊讶。)
He was surprised seeing his team win the championship. (他团队赢得冠军时感到惊讶。)