48个音标 及代表的字母

Question

不要写太多无谓的东西 只要写音标和代表的字母就行了
字要写大点！
谢谢！

Answer 1

48个国际音标表
元音
12个单元音
长元音
[i:][E:][C:][u:][B:]
短元音
[i][E][C][u][Q][e][A]
8个双元音[ai][ei][Ci][iE][ZE][uE][Eu][au]
辅音
10对
清辅音
[p][t][k][f][s][W][F][tF][tr][ts]
浊辅音
[b][d][g][v][z][T][V][dV][dr][dz]
3个鼻音
[m][n][N]
3个似拼音
[h][r][l]
2个半元音
[w][j]
英语音标发音规则
一,元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
a
在开音节中
[ei] name plane Jane baby cake
在闭音节中
[æ] bag dad hat map black back
e
在开音节中
[i:] he these me Chinese
在闭音节中
[e] bed let pen desk yes egg
i
在开音节中
[ai] bike fly drive time nice kite
在闭音节中
[i] fish big drink sit milk swim
o
在开音节中
[əu] those close go hoe home no
在闭音节中
[ɔ] clock not box shop sock
u
在开音节中
[ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday
在闭音节中
[ʌ]bus cup jump much lunch
在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super
二,元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
a
[ə] China another woman breakfast
[i] orange comrade village cabbage
e
[ə] hundred student open weekend
[ə:] nerve serve term
[i] chicken pocket begin children
i
[i] holiday beautiful family animal
[ai] exercise satellite
o
[ə] second tonight somebody welcome
[əu] also zero photo
u
[ə] autumn difficult
[ju:] popular congratulation January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue
三,元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
a在[w]音后面
[ɔ] want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前
[a:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前
[ai] find child light high
o在-st -ld前
[əu] most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前
[ʌ] come monkey love mother
四,-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音
例 词
ar
ar在[w]音后面
[a:] car farm dark sharpener
[ɔ:] warm quarter towards
or
or在[w]音后面
[ɔ:] forty morning short
[ə:] word worker worse
er ir ur
[ə:] certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音.例如: carry sorry hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五,-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音
例 词
are
[ɛə] care dare hare
ere
[iə] here mere
ire
[aiə] fire hire wire
ore
[ɔ:] more score before
ure
[juə] pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[ə]音,例如:picture pleasure
重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音.
例如:parent zero story during inspiring
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象.
例如:orange very American paragraph
六,元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音
例 词
ai/ay
[ei] afraid rain wait day play
air
[aiə] air hair chair pair repair
al在f m前
[ɔ] small ball talk wall all
[ɔ:l] always also salt almost bald
[a:] half calm
au/aw
[ɔ:] autumn daughter draw
ea
[i:] teach easy cheap please
[e] heavy bread sweater weather
[ei] break great
ear
[iə] hear dear near clear year
[εə] bear pear wear
[ə:] earth learn early
ee
[i:] jeep week green three
eer
[iə] pioneer deer beer
ei/ey
[ei] eight neighbour they
[i:] either key
eu/ew在j l r s后
[ju:] new few newspaper
[u:] flew brew
ie/ei在[s]音之后
[i:] piece field receive
oa
[əu] coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor
[ɔ:] roar board door floor
oi/oy
[ɔi] noise point boy toilet
oo
[u:] broom food tooth school
[u] book look cook foot good
ou/ow
[au] flower house count down
[əu] know row throw though
[ʌ] young country enough
[u:] group you soup
our
[ɔ:] course your four
[auə] our hour ours
[ə:] journey
ui
在j l r s后
[ju:i] fluid suicide tuition
[u:] juice fruit suit
七,非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
元音字组或字群
读 音
例 词
ai/ay ei/ey
[i] Sunday foreign monkey
ow
[əu] yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或[i].
例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-sion -tion
[∫n] impression nation
-sion在元音字母后
[ӡn] vision decision occasion
-tion在s后
[t∫ən] question suggestion
-sten
[sn] listen
-stle
[sl] whistle
-sure
[ӡə] pleasure measure
-ture
[t∫ə] picture culture
八,元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读.
例如:
everyday[ei]
handbag[æ]
blackboard[ɔ:]
有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词.其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音.
例如:
sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday[i] 星期天
holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 > holiday[i] 假日
break中断 + fast[a:]斋戒 > breakfast[ə] 早餐
cup茶杯 + board木板[ɔ:] > cupboard[ə] 碗柜
九,辅字组的读音
辅字组
读 音
例 词
b
[b] bike bus bag
[/] bomb tomb
c
c在e前或在i/y前
[k] cake picture coat music
[s] face decide cinema
ch
[t∫] much chick rich teacher
[k] school headache chemistry
[∫] machine
-ck
[k] cock pocket black knock
d
[d] doctor bread hand day
-dge
[dӡ] bridge fridge
dr-
[dr] children driver drink
f
[f] five four breakfast
g
g在e i/y前
[g] bag gardon go
[dӡ] orange large German
gh
[f] cough enough
[/] light daughter high
gu- -gue
gu在非重读音节中
[g] guess league dialogue
[gw] language anguish
h
[h] hot head house hand
[/] hour honest
j
[dӡ] jeep jar joke join July
k
[k] kind bike skate make week
kn-
[n] knife know knock
l
[l] life milk school tall
m
[m] monkey come autumn
-mn
[m] autumn column
n
n在[k] [g]音前
[n] not shine ten note
[ŋ] uncle thank hungry
-ng
[ŋ] morning young wrong
p
[p] paper plane pig ship pen
ph
[f] elephant photo telephone
q
[k] Iraq
qu-
[kw] quality quite
r
[r] red rubber ruler

Answer 2

1 元音:
1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie
three tree green sheep meet beef see seek
eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please
he she me
piece receive ceiling

2) [i] 发音字母 i y e
sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss
myth many twenty happy dictionary
defect decide delicious

3) [æ ]发音字母 a
bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man

4) [e] 字母组合 ea e a
head bread pleasure
elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes
many any

5) [ə:] 字母组合ir ur ear ur or
girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird
turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger
learn earn earth heard
term her nerd serve
work worm word world

6) [ə] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u
teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder
doctor actor mayor author tractor
delicious gracious pleasure
familiar collar dollar
together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china
men listen
famulus Saturday

7) [a:] 字母组合 ar a
car farm card arm garden
fast class last glass plant aunt calm

8) [ʌ] 发音字母 u o ou oo
up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus
come mother does brother love above
trouble rough flourish
blood flood

9) [ɔ:]字母组合 al or au our ar
small wall talk tall hall ball call walk
short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store
author caught autumn
four mourn court bought
warm quarrel quarter

10) [ɒ] / [ɔ]发音字母 o a
hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not
want wash

11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o u
food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth
shoe do two
true truth blue full

12) [u] 字母组合 oo ou u o
look good foot book
should could
put full bull pull push
women whose

13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey
name cake late gate plane April
play say may way
great break
rain paint plain
they grey

14) [ai] 发音字母 i y
bike fine find die nine light night high
my try fly eye

15) [au] 字母组合 ou ow
house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse
flower down now cow how town

16) [əu] 发音字母 o ow oa
home cold go no phone host ghost
know low below grow blow show flow
boat coat goal

17) [ɔɪ] 字母组合oy oi
boy toy joy
oil soil voice choice

18) [iə] 字母组合 eer ea, ear,ea, ear, er, ier
beer deer ear idea near here fierce

19) [eə] 字母组合ear air
pair bear chair air fair care there where

20) [uə]
tour poor

2 容易混淆的元音

[æ] [e]
bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said

[i：] [ei]
real rail greet great mean main read raid

[e] [ai]
bet bite red write said side head hide

[au] [ɔ:]
house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn

[au] [ʌ]
found fond down done gown gone town ton

3辅音

1) [p] pen pear play pig pour pull push

2) [b] book big boot bike bread break

3) [t] tree two ten ton town twenty city

4) [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary

5) [k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)

card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)

fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)

school schedule schema (字母组合ch)

6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language

7) [m] man make moon morning move come comb

8) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean

9) [ŋ] uncle bank English think thank junk

sing king morning evening

10) [l] long land lend lord fly flag black

world cold could goal soul

11) [r] read red right run room write

12) [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife
cough laugh rough physic photo phone

13) [v] very evening even every voice vest

14) [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s)

license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)

licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)

15) [z] zoo zebra zero zap
close nose hose suppose pause those whose

16) [θ] think thank three thirty tooth mouth

17) [ð] that this those these though

18) [ʃ] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash
nation attention station
social special
sure

19) [ʃə] pleasure

20) [h] hot hop home house horse how who

21) [w] when what where window wind wood

22) [j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow

23) [tʃ] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach

24) [dʒ] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge
joy enjoy join July June junk

25) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk

26) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink

27) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts

28) [dz] goods woods moods hoods

4容易混淆的辅音

[v] [w]
vest west vet wet vine wine very well

[s] [θ]
sink think mass math miss myth sort sought

[z] [ð]
close cloth breeze breathe

[n] [ŋ]
thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing

添加一点:

9) [ɔ:]字母组合 al or au our ar aw
small wall talk tall hall ball call walk
short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store
author caught autumn
four mourn court bought
warm quarrel quarter
draw saw flaw

23) [tʃ] child chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (字母组合ch）
catch watch match （字母组合tch)

5 字母，组合音节发音规律

1）a [ei] [æ] [ə] [a:] [ɔ:]
late private grade bake grape nation station page
active hand bank fan parent family glad flag
accept about above formative machine cinema
fast last glass class past father
wash what watch want

2）e [i:] [e] [i] [ə] 不发音
appreciate extremely secret she me he
letter left message generate pebble
decide pretty previous result restore
problem prosperous student confident
active table late wife store lecture

3）i [ai] [i]
high price library ice cream wife size line
fist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit

4）o [əu] [u:] [ʌ] [ə] [ɔ]
lode host cold note okay old home
lose do who whose prove
love some other mother honey company
today tomorrow together control collect
lost hot mock office soft honest

5）u [ju] [u] [ʌ] [ə]
university refuse unique universe huge
put push pull full bull
but brush bucket duck bubble
support suggest

6）c [k] [s]
country camp camera courage cable
city ceiling celebrate cell cease

7）g [g] [dʒ] [ŋ]
girl grade glass glade bag flag
village vegetable bridge gentleman gym
long song sing morning evening

8) l [l] 读音不同
listen learn language collect English gorilla
world cold soil tall sell cool animal

9) n [n] [ŋ]
moon night noodle number
uncle hungry angry young

10) r [r] [[](美语发音)
right read write grade progress
card board door floor form north

11）y [j] [i] [ai]
yellow year yell young yolk
university country pretty happy
dyke dying fly buy by my

12）ar [a:] [ə] [ɔ:]
farm card garden mark
dollar
warm quarrel quarter

13) ea [i:] [e] [ei] [iə]
cease season breathe feature meat please
bread breast breath meadow weather
great break
idea realize

14) ear [ə:] [iə]
learn earth earn heard
hear near clear ear fear

15) er [ə:] [ə] [iə]
deserve serve her person
teacher driver anger singer
serious experience mysterious fierce

16） ere [iə] [εə]
here mere fere sere
there

17) ir [ə:] [ai]
shirt girl skirt
admire desire
18) oo [u:] [u] [ʌ] [ɔ:]
room tool cool moon noon goof food
good foot stood wood wool cook wood book
blood flood
door floor

19) or [ɔ:] [ə:] [ə]
short form corn born for
work world worm word worst
tractor doctor actor sector senior senator

20) oor [ɔ:] [uə]
door floor
moor poor boor

21) our [uə] [ɔ:]
hour tour flour bourn lour
pour court four mourn

22) ou [au] [ʌ] [ə]
house mouth mouse sound found
enough trouble touch
delicious gracious prosperous

23) ow [əu] [au]
window meadow know show low
now town how down cow

24) se [z] [s]
nose suppose gose lose pose rose
mouse house

25) th [θ] [ð]
thank think thought cloth
clothes that this then than

26) sion [ʃ ə n] [ʒ ə n]
propulsion tension progression passion
protrusion provision conclusion television

27) tion [ʃ ə n] [tʃ ə n](不常见)
station nation translation attention
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