1. You have just come back from your hometown.
你刚从你的家乡回来。
* have come现在完成时
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去，但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。用助动词have/has +动词的过去分词构成。翻译成汉语时通常会用到“已经”等字样。常与already, yet, just ,ever, never, in the past years, in the last five years, since, for 等词或词组相连用。
e.g.We have seen this movie already.
我们已看过这部电影。
e.g.She has been in this city for three years.
她在这座城里已经呆了三年了。
e.g.The train has just left.
火车刚刚已经离开了。
e.g.Have you seen the doctor yet?
你已经看过医生了吗？
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：
*现在完成时强调某一发生在过去的动作或存在的状态与现在的联系。
e.g.John has been to MountHuang with his parents.
约翰曾经和他父母一起去过黄山。
e.g.I have learnt a lot from this.
我从中学到了许多东西。
e.g.We have been there for many times.
我们曾去过那里很多次。
e.g.Have you ever been to a water park?
你去过水上公园吗？
e.g.She has never been to this city.
她从没来过这个城市。
*过去时表达发生在过去的动作或存在的状态,只表示一个信息，不强调与现在的联系.
e.g.I have done something in a disabled children’s home. I did it during this summer holiday.
我曾在一个残疾儿童之家帮过忙。是今年夏天的事。
e.g.They went to the space museum last year.
他们去年去过太空博物馆。
e.g.What did you do last Sunday?
你上个星期天干什么？
e.g.I saw him yesterday morning.
我是昨天上午看见他的。
e.g.She didn’t go there last week.
她上个星期没去那里。
以上句中有明显的过去时间状语，所以用一般过去时。
2. Where have you been, Jane?
你去了哪里，Jane?
have been to 曾经去过某地（现在已回来）
e.g.Have you ever been to the Great Wall ?
你去过长城吗？
e.g.I have been to your hometown.
我曾经去过你的家乡。
* have /has been to 与 have /has gone to 的区别.
have /has been to… 曾经去过…（但已返回）
e.g.I have been to an English training school to improve my English.
我去了一个英语培训学校去提高我的英语。
e.g.I’ve been to Beijing three times.
我曾经去过北京三次。
e.g.－Have you ever been to that city?
－Yes, I have.
你曾经去过那个城市吗？
是的，去过。
have /has gone to“去了…（还没回来）”
e.g.－Where is your sister?
你姐姐去哪儿了？
－She has gone to the city library.
她去市图书馆了。
e.g.Mr Wang has gone to American. He will be back next month.
王先生去了美国。他将在下个月回来。
3. Have you ever taken part in any activities to help children ?
你是否参加过任何帮助儿童的活动？
ever（用于一般疑问句、否定句以及表示条件和比较的从句）在任何时候
e.g.Have you ever been to Beijing ?
你曾经到过北京吗？
e.g.Have you ever fed the disabled children ?
你曾给残疾儿童喂过饭吗？
e.g.This is the most interesting movie I have ever seen.
这是我曾看过的最有趣的一部影片。
e.g.If you ever come to Shanghai , be sure to let me know.
如果你到上海来，务必通知我。
4. Parents couldn’t afford education for their children.
父母们负担不起孩子们的教育费用。
afford vt. 负担得起（…的费用、损失、后果等）通常与can ,be able to 连用。
e.g.He wanted to watch the soccer game, but he couldn’t afford to buy the ticket.
他想去看球赛，但又买不起票。
e.g.He isn’t able to buy a new car, so he has to buy a used one.
他买不起新车，只好买辆二手车。
5. Our job was to grow cotton.
我们的工作是种棉花。
be + to do sth. 构成系表结构。
e.g.Our duty is to help them.
我们的职责是帮助他们。
e.g.What he wanted to buy is a nice bike.
他想要买的是一辆精良的自行车。
6. I had to divide my money into two parts.
我不得不一分钱分成两半来花。
divide …into… 把……分成
e.g.Let’s divide ourselves into two groups.
我们分成两组吧。
e.g.The river divides the village into two parts.
这条小河将村子分成两半。
7. Kangkang, you should feel satisfied with your life now.
康康，你应当对你现在的生活感到满意。
feel satisfied with… 对……感到满意
e.g.Our teacher felt satisfied with our grades.
老师对我们的成绩感到满意。
e.g.Do you feel satisfied with what he has done ?
你对他所做的感到满意吗？
8. But China has developed rapidly in recent years.
但是中国在近几年里取得了飞速的发展。
develop vt. 发展、发扬
e.g.The place has rapidly developed from a small village into a town.
这个小村庄已经很快发展成一个城镇。
e.g.She developed the company from nothing.
她白手起家办起了这家公司。
9. Thanks to the government’s efforts, Beijing, the capital of China, will host the 2008 Olympic Games.
由于政府的努力，首都北京将承办2008年奥运会。
thanks to … 幸亏有了……；由于……
e.g.Thanks to the teacher’s help, we got good grade in the exam.
多亏有了老师的帮助，我们在考试中取得了好成绩。
e.g.Thanks to the bad weather, we have to put the sports meeting off.
由于天气不好，我们不得不将运动会延期。
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