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Question

2. 在涂料方面的应用
纳米材料由于其表面和结构的特殊性，具有一般材料难以获得的优异性能，显示出强大的生命力。表面涂层技术也是当今世界关注的热点。纳米材料为表面涂层提供了良好的机遇，使得材料的功能化具有极大的可能。借助于传统的涂层技术，添加纳米材料，可获得纳米复合体系涂层，实现功能的飞跃，使得传统涂层功能改性。涂层按其用途可分为结构涂层和功能涂层。结构涂层是指涂层提高基体的某些性质和改性；功能涂层是赋予基体所不具备的性能，从而获得传统涂层没有的功能。结构涂层有超硬、耐磨涂层，抗氧化、耐热、阻燃涂层，耐腐蚀、装饰涂层等；功能涂层有消光、光反射、光选择吸收的光学涂层，导电、绝缘、半导体特性的电学涂层，氧敏、湿敏、气敏的敏感特性涂层等。在涂料中加入纳米材料，可进一步提高其防护能力，实现防紫外线照射、耐大气侵害和抗降解、变色等，在卫生用品上应用可起到杀菌保洁作用。在标牌上使用纳米材料涂层，可利用其光学特性，达到储存太阳能、节约能源的目的。在建材产品如玻璃、涂料中加入适宜的纳米材料，可以达到减少光的透射和热传递效果，产生隔热、阻燃等效果。日本松下公司已研制出具有良好静电屏蔽的纳米涂料，所应用的纳米微粒有氧化铁、二氧化钛和氧化锌等。这些具有半导体特性的纳米氧化物粒子，在室温下具有比常规的氧化物高的导电特性，因而能起到静电屏蔽作用，而且氧化物纳米微粒的颜色不同，这样还可以通过复合控制静电屏蔽涂料的颜色，克服炭黑静电屏蔽涂料只有单一颜色的单调性。纳米材料的颜色不仅随粒径而变，还具有随角变色效应。在汽车的装饰喷涂业中，将纳米TiO2添加在汽车、轿车的金属闪光面漆中，能使涂层产生丰富而神秘的色彩效果，从而使传统汽车面漆旧貌换新颜。纳米SiO2是一种抗紫外线辐射材料。在涂料中加入纳米SiO2，可使涂料的抗老化性能、光洁度及强度成倍地增加。纳米涂层具有良好的应用前景，将为涂层技术带来一场新的技术革命，也将推动复合材料的研究开发与应用。

Answer 1

2. In the application of paint Nano-materials because of its special nature and structure of the surface with general access to the excellent performance materials show a strong vitality. Surface coating technology is the focus of attention of the world. Surface coating of nano-materials provided a good opportunity to make great material may be functional. Using conventional coating techniques, adding nano-materials, nano-composite system available coating function, the leap modified traditional functional coatings. According to the structure of coatings and coating purposes can be divided into functional coatings. Coating matrix is coated to improve some of nature and modification; Functional coating matrix is not available given the performance of the functions which is not traditional coating. A superhard coatings, wear coatings, anti-oxidation, heat, fire-retardant coating, corrosion resistance and decorative coatings; Functional coatings are absorbing light, light reflectivity and the selective absorption of light optical coatings, electrical, insulation, electrical characteristics of semiconductor coating, oxygen sensitive, humidity, the gas-sensitive coating properties. The addition of nano-materials in the paint, to further enhance its defense capabilities, achieving protection against ultraviolet radiation, resistance and resistance against atmospheric degradation, color, the application can play in the health sterilization cleaning supplies role. Nano coating used on the plate, its optical properties can be used to achieve storage of solar energy, energy conservation purposes. In building materials such as glass, paint fit into the nano materials can reduce the transmission of light and heat transfer effects have insulation and fire effects. Japan's Matsushita has developed a good electrostatic shielding nanocomposite coating, which is applied to the iron oxide nanoparticles, such as titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. These characteristics of nanometer semiconductor oxide particles at room temperature with the conventional oxides high conductivity properties, which will play the role of electrostatic shielding, and oxide nanoparticles of different colors, it could also compound controlled electrostatic shielding paint colors, silica overcome electrostatic shielding paint only a single color monotone. Nano-materials, not only with the size and color change, with color effects with the angle. The decorative spray in the car industry, in addition to Nano TiO2 cars, cars Metallic Topcoat that will have a rich and mysterious color coating effects, so that the traditional Automotive Top Take Shape. UV radiation is a nano - silica material. In addition nano - silica coating, the coating will aging properties, smoothness and intensity increased manifold. Nano coating is the application stage, coating technology will bring a new technological revolution, it will promote the research, development and application of composite materials.