è¿å»è¿è¡æ¶
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±æ.æ¶ææ¯ä¸ç§è¯è¨çæ段,ä¾è¯è¨çä¸åèææåºå«,å®æ¯å±äºå¨è¯çè¯æ³èç´.è±è¯å¨è¯æ¶ææ¯ä»¥å¨è¯å½¢å¼ååæ¥è¡¨ç¤ºå¥åä¸è°å°çå¨ä½ãç¶æçæ¶é´å
³ç³»å说è¯çæ¶é´.å æ¤æ们å¯ä»¥çå°æ¶æåæ¶é´ä¸¤è
é´è½ç¶æå
³ç³»,ä½ä¸å¯ä»¥æ··æ·.
The plane leaves tomorrow morning. é£æºææ¨èµ·é£.
æ¤å¥ä¸çæ¶æ为ä¸è¬ç°å¨æ¶,ä½æ¯å®æ表示çæ¶é´å´ä¸ºå°æ¥ï¼ææ¨ï¼
è±è¯å¨è¯ç常ç¨æ¶ææ»å
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ä¸è¬ç°å¨æ¶ ç°å¨è¿è¡æ¶ ä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶ è¿å»è¿è¡æ¶
ä¸è¬å°æ¥æ¶ å°æ¥è¿è¡æ¶ ç°å¨å®ææ¶ è¿å»å®ææ¶
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ä¸è¬ç°å¨æ¶çå½¢å¼
æ¯ä»¥å¨è¯çå形表示ç,å½ä¸»è¯ä¸ºç¬¬ä¸äººç§°åæ°æ¶,åè°è¯çå¨è¯åå½¢åè¦å ä¸è¯å°¾-s or âes, å
¶æææ¹å¼å表å¦ä¸ï¼
æ
åµ ææ ä¾è¯
ä¸è¬æ
åµ è¯å°¾å -s Reads, writes
以ch,sh,s,x,oç»å°¾çè¯ è¯å°¾å -es Teaches,washes,guesses, fixes, goes
以è¾
é³åæ¯+Y ç»å°¾çè¯ åY为I,åå -es Tries, carries
ä½æ¯,å¨è¯to be åto have çä¸è¬ç°å¨æ¶çå½¢å¼ç¹æ®å¦ä¸ï¼
ä¸è¬å¨è¯çè¯å½¢åå To be çè¯å½¢åå To have çè¯å½¢åå
I know it I am a student I have a pen.
You know it. You are a student You have a pen
He (she) knows it. He (she) is a student. He (she)has a pen.
We (you,they) know it. We (you,they) are students. We (you,they) have pens.
ä¸è¬ç°å¨æ¶çåç¨
1. 表示ä¸ç´åççäºæ
,ç»å¸¸åççå¨ä½ï¼
Nurses look after patients in hospitals.
Excuse me, do you speak English?
I get up at 8 oâclock every morning.
It often rains in summer in Beijing.
2. 表示客è§äºå®æè
ççï¼
Birds fly.
The earth goes around the sun.
3. è°è®ºæ¶é´è¡¨ãæ
ç¨è¡¨ç,å¦ï¼
What time does the film begin?
The football match starts at 8 oâclock.
Tomorrow is Thursday.
4. è°è®ºç±è´¯ãå½ç±ç,å¦ï¼
Where do you come from?
I come from China. ä½ æ¯åªå½äºº?ææ¯ä¸å½äºº.
Where do you come from?
I come from Guangzhou. ä½ æ¯åªé人?ææ¯å¹¿å·äºº.
5. 询é®æè
å¼ç¨ä¹¦ç±ãéç¥ææ°è¿æ¥å°ç信笺å
容,å¦ï¼
What does that notice say?
What does Ann say in her letter?
She says sheâs coming to Beijing next week.
Shakespears says, âNeither a borrower or a lender be.â
è士æ¯äºè¯´ï¼âæ¢ä¸è¦å人åé±,ä¹ä¸è¦åé±ç»å«äºº.â
ä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶
ä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶æ¯è¡¨ç¤ºå¨è¯´è¯æ¶é´ä»¥ååççå¨ä½æè
ç¶æçå¨è¯æ¶æ,å®æ¯è±è¯æ¶æä½ç³»ä¸æéè¦çæ¶æä¹ä¸.
1) ä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶è§åå¨è¯çææå½¢å¼ï¼
è§åå¨è¯å¨å
¶åå½¢åé¢å -ed:
to work-worked
以åæ¯eç»å°¾çè§åå¨è¯,åªå -d:
to love---loved
对ææ人称åæ è¯å½¢åå.
å¦å®å¼åç±did not + å¨è¯åå½¢ææ
I / you / he / she / they / we did not work.
çé®å¼åç± did + ä¸»è¯ + å¨è¯åå½¢ ææ
æ¼å注æï¼
æ
åµ åå ä¾è¯
å¨è¯ä¸ºåé³è,以ä¸ä¸ªå
é³åæ¯åä¸ä¸ªè¾
é³åæ¯ç»å°¾ è¾
é³åæ¯åå,åå -ed Stop-stoppedAdmitâadmitted
以yç»å°¾çå¨è¯,å¨y å为è¾
é³åæ¯æ¶ Y å为 I ,å â ed Carry âcarriedHurry âhurried
以y ç»å°¾çå¨è¯,å¨y å为å
é³åæ¯æ¶ å âed ObeyâobeyedEnjoy---enjoyed
å¨è±è¯å½ä¸æä¸é¨åå¨è¯çè¿å»å¼ååå½¢å¼æ¯ä¸è§åç,è¿ç±»å¨è¯è¢«ç§°ä¸ºä¸è§åå¨è¯.æ»æ°å¤§æ¦ä¸è¿200å¤ä¸ª,ä½æ¯ä½¿ç¨é¢çå¾é«.主è¦åæä¸ç±»ï¼
1ã 第ä¸ç±»ä¸è§åå¨è¯çä¸ç§å½¢å¼åå½¢,å¦ï¼
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
hurt hurt hurt
shut shut shut
set set set
注æ,æäºå¨è¯çè¿å»å¼ä¸è¿å»åè¯æ两ä¸å½¢å¼,å¦ï¼
bet bet / betted bet / betted
wed wed / wedded wed / wedded
wet wet / wetted wet / wetted
2ã 第äºç±»ä¸è§åå¨è¯çè¿å»å¼åè¿å»åè¯åå½¢,å¦ï¼
bend bent bent
bring brought brought
catch caught caught
hide hid hid / hidden
get got got/ gotten(AmE)
lead led led
3ã 第ä¸ç±»ä¸è§åå¨è¯çåå½¢ãè¿å»å¼åè¿å»åè¯é½ä¸ç¸å,å¦ï¼
åå½¢ è¿å»å¼ è¿å»åè¯
begin began begun
break broke broken
forbid forbade forbidden
grow grew grown
ring rang rung
wake woke / waked woken / waked
æ¤å¤è¿æå°æ°ä¸è§åå¨è¯çè¿å»åè¯ä¸åå½¢ç¸å,å¦ï¼
come came come
become became become
run ran run
ä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶çåç¨
1ï¼ è¡¨ç¤ºä¸ä¸ªæ²¡ææå
·ä½æ¶é´çè¿å»çè¡å¨,å¦ï¼
He worked in that bank for four years. (没说æèµ·å§æ¶é´,ä½æ¯ç°å¨ä¸å¨é£éå·¥ä½äº).
They once saw Deng Xiaopin.
Did you ever hear BackStreet Boy sing?
2) 表示å¨è¿å»ç¹å®çæ¶é´ç»æçè¡å¨,å¦ï¼
When did you meet him?
I met him yesterday.
When we lived in Phoenix, we studied at Arizona State University.
Where have you been?
Iâve been to the opera.
Did you enjoy it?
3) 表示è¿å»çä¹ æ¯
He always carried an umbrella.
They never drank wine.
ç°å¨å®ææ¶çå½¢å¼
ç°å¨å®ææ¶ç±to have çç°å¨æ¶+è¿å»åè¯ææï¼
è¯å®å¼ å¦å®å¼ çé®å¼ å¦å®çé®å¼
I have worked I have not worked Have I worked? Have I not worked?
You have worked You havenot worked Have you worked? Have you not worked?
He (she)has worked. He(she)has not worked. Has he(she) worked? Has he(she) not worked?
We(you / they) have worked. We (you / they) have not worked. Have we (you / they) worked? Have we (you / they) not worked?
紧缩形å¼
ç°å¨å®ææ¶çåç¨
ç°å¨å®ææ¶å¯ä»¥è¯´ææ¯å
¼æç°å¨ä¸è¿å»æä¹çä¸ç§å¤åæ¶æ.å®ä¸ç°å¨æå¯åèç³»,å¦ï¼
------Oh,dear, Iâve forgotten her name.
åç°å¨çèç³»å°±æ¯ I donât remember her name now.
------Fort has gone to Canada.
åç°å¨çèç³»å°±æ¯ He is not here. He is in Canada now.
1) 表示延ç»å°ç°å¨çå¨ä½ ï¼ææ¶æ¯æ»è®¡åäºå¤å°æ¬¡çï¼.
How many times have you been to the United States?
She really loves that film. She has seen it eight times.
Tom has lived in Now York all his life.
2) 表示å¼å§ä¸è¿å»èå¨è¯´è¯æ¶å»ç»æçè¡å¨,å¦ï¼
I havenât seen you for ages. æ好ä¹
没è§å°ä½ äº.ï¼è¯´è¯æ¶å»å·²ç»è§å°äºï¼
This room hasnât been cleaned for months. (ä¹è®¸ä»è¯´è¯å¼å§æ¶å»å°±è¦ææ«å®äº)
3) 表示è¿å»çå¨ä½å¯¹ç°å¨é æçå½±å,å¦ï¼
The window has broken.
4) åæé«çº§è¿ç¨,表示å°ç°å¨ä¸ºæ¢æ¯æâ¦â¦ç
What a boring film! Itâs the most boring film Iâve ever seen.
Is it a thick book?------Yes, it is the thickest book Iâve ever read.
5) åå¥å This is the first timeâ¦, Itâs the first time è¿ç¨,å¦ï¼
This is the first time he has driven a car.
(ç¸å½äº he has never driven a car before.)
Is this the first time youâve been in hospital?
Professor Johnson has lost his passport again. Itâs the second time he has lost it.
6) åever, never, yet, just, already çå¯è¯è¿ç¨,å¦ï¼
Have you ever eaten French cheese?
We have never had a private car.
Has it stopped raining yet? (yet 表示æå¾
é¨åæ¢)
Would you like something to eat?
No, thanks. Iâve just had lunch.
Donât forget to mail the letter, will you?
Iâve already mailed it. (already 表示æ¯é¢æçè¦å¿«)
7ï¼ä¸since è¿ç¨,since 表示ä¸æä¸æ¶å»æä»å¥è¿ç¨,表示âä»é£ä¸å»å°è¯´è¯æ¶ä¸ºæ¢â,å®æ»æ¯ä¸å®ææ¶è¿ç¨,å¦ï¼
She has been here since 6 oâclock.
He hasnât been himself since the accident. ï¼é£æ¬¡äºæ
å,ä»ä»æªå®å
¨åº·å¤ï¼
Since I was a child I have lived in England.
ä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶ä¸ç°å¨å®ææ¶çæ¯è¾
1ï¼ è¿å»æ¶ä»
ä»
表示è¿å»,ç°å¨å®ææ¶è¿è¡¨ç¤ºä¸ç°å¨çå
³ç³»,å¦ï¼
He has lost his key.
He lost his key.
2) ä¸ç°å¨æ å
³çæè
è¿å»å¾ä¹
çåå²äºä»¶ä¸è½ç¨ç°å¨å®ææ¶
The Chinese invented printing.
Shakespear wrote Hamlet.
3)å¦æ说æå¨ä½æç¹å®çè¿å»æ¶é´,å°±ä¸è½ç¨ç°å¨å®ææ¶,å¦ï¼
Did you see the film on television last night?
Tom lost his key yesterday.
询é®æäºåççå
·ä½æ¶é´æè
å°ç¹æ¶ï¼when , what time, whereï¼, when , what time, whereï¼, ç¨ä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶,å¦ï¼
What time did they arrive?
When and where were you born?
æ¯è¾ï¼
Have you see Ann this moring? ( 说è¯æ¶ä»ä¸ºä¸å)
Did you see Ann this morning? ( 说è¯æ¶ä¸ºä¸å)
Jack has lived in London for six years. è¿å¨ä¼¦æ¦ä½
Jack lived in London for six years. å
ä¸ä½ä¼¦æ¦äº
I have never played golf in my life.
I didnât play golf when I was on holiday last summer.
ç°å¨è¿è¡æ¶
ç°å¨è¿è¡æ¶æ¯ç±å©å¨è¯to be çç°å¨æ¶ + ç°å¨åè¯ææï¼
è¯å®å¼ å¦å®å¼ çé®å¼
I am working.You are working.He (she) is working.We (you,they) are working. I am not working.You are not working.He (she) is not working.We (you,they) are not working. Am I working?Are you working?Is he (she) working?Are we (you,they) working?
ç°å¨åè¯çææ,æ¯å¨å¨è¯åå½¢ä¸å âing, ä½æ¯åºè¯¥æ³¨æï¼
æ
åµ åå ä¾è¯
å¨è¯ä»¥å个e ç»å°¾ å»æe, å ing Love _lovingArgue _ arguing
å¨è¯ä»¥ âeeç»å°¾ ç´æ¥å ing Agree_ agreeingSee _ seeing
å¨è¯ä¸ºåé³èï¼ä»¥åä¸å
é³åæ¯ + åä¸è¾
é³åæ¯ç»å°¾ è¾
é³åæ¯åå,åå ing Hit _ hittingRun _runningStop _ stopping
å¨è¯ä¸ºåé³èæè
å¤é³èï¼æåä¸ä¸ªé³è为é读é³è,以åä¸å
é³åæ¯ + åä¸è¾
é³åæ¯ç»å°¾ è¾
é³åæ¯åå,åå ing Beâgin beâginningAdâmit adâmitting
以 y ç»å°¾çå¨è¯ ç´æ¥å ing Carry carryingEnjoy enjoying
ç°å¨è¿è¡æ¶çåç¨
1ï¼ è¡¨ç¤ºè¯´è¯æ¶æ£å¨åçæè
è¿è¡çå¨ä½
Please donât make so much noise, Iâm studying.
Letâs get out. It isnât raining any more.
2) 表示å¨ç°å¨ç¸å¯¹è¾é¿ä¸æ®µæ¶é´å
æ£å¨è¿è¡çå¨ä½,ä½æ¯è¯´è¯ä¸å»ä¸ä¸å®å¨åçå¨ä½
Have you heard about Tom? He is building his own house.
David is teaching English and learning Chinese in Beijing.
è¿äºå¨ä½,å¨è¯´è¯æ¶å¹¶ä¸ä¸å®å¨åçæè¿è¡,èæ¯å¨å
æ¬è¯´è¯çä¸å¹é£å¨å
çä¸æ®µæ¶é´å
åçãè¿è¡ç.
3ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºæè¿çç¡®å®çå®æ
Ann is coming tomorrow.
Oh, is she? What time is she arriving?
At 10:15.
Are you meeting her at the station?
I canât. Iâm working tomorrow morning.
以ä¸å¥åä¹å¯ä»¥ç¨be going to (do) çå½¢å¼æ¥è¡¨ç¤º.ä½æ¯è°è®ºå·²ç¡®å®çå®ææ¶å,ç¨ç°å¨è¿è¡æ¶ææ¾å¾æ´å èªç¶,é¤éåå°å¨è¯çåè½çéå¶.å¨æ¤,åä¸å¯ç¨will, å¦ï¼
Alex is getting married next month. ä¸è½ç¨ will get married.
4) åalways è¿ç¨è¡¨ç¤ºæç§æ
绪,å¯è½æ¯åç¦ä¹å¯è½æ¯èµæ¬,å¦ï¼
Tom is always going away for weekends.
My husband is always doing homework.
æäºå¨è¯æ¯è¡¨ç¤ºä¸ç§ç¶æèä¸æ¯å¨ä½,ä¸è¬ä¸ç¨äºè¿è¡æ¶.ä¾å¦,æ们ä¸è¬ä¸è¯´ I am knowing, è说 I know. 常è§çè¿ç±»å¨è¯æï¼
want like hate know see hear believe understand seem
think(ç¸ä¿¡) suppose remember need love realize mean forget prefer have ï¼æ¥æï¼belong
To understand is to accept. ç解就æ¯æ¥å
Do you like Beijing?
Do you see the rainbow?
I remember him very well.
I think I understand what he wants.
ä¸è¬ç°å¨æ¶åç°å¨è¿è¡æ¶çæ¯è¾
ä¸è¬ç°å¨æ¶è¡¨ç¤ºçæ¯ä¸è¬ãéå¤çå¨ä½æè
äºæ
ç°å¨è¿è¡æ¶è¡¨ç¤ºè¯´è¯æ¶æ说è¯ååæ£å¨åççå¨ä½æäºæ
,å¦ï¼
Tom plays tennis every Sunday.
Whereâs Tom? -------He is playing tennis.
What do you do? ä½ æ¯å¹²ä»ä¹å·¥ä½ç?
What are you doing here? ä½ å¨è¿éå¹²ä»ä¹?
ä¸è¬ç°å¨æ¶æ¯è¡¨ç¤ºç»ä¹
çæ
åµ,èç°å¨è¿è¡æ¶è¡¨ç¤ºçæ¯ææ¶ç,å¦ï¼
My parents live in Shanghai. They have been there for 50 years.
Sheâs living with some friends until she can find an apartment.
è¿å»è¿è¡æ¶
è¿å»è¿è¡æ¶çææå½¢å¼ä¸ºï¼
I / he /she was
We / they / you were + å¨è¯çç°å¨åè¯
è¿å»è¿è¡æ¶çåç¨
1ï¼ è¡¨ç¤ºå¨è¿å»æ个æ¶é´åè
æ段æ¶é´æ£å¨è¿è¡çå¨ä½,å¦ï¼
When I rang him up, he was having dinner.
This time last year I was living in Shanghai.
What were you doing at 10 oâclock last night?
2) è¿å»è¿è¡æ¶åä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶è¿ç¨,表示å¨ä¸ä¸ªå¨ä½åççè¿ç¨ä¸,åçäºå¦ä¸ä¸ªå¨ä½,å¦ï¼
It was raining when I got up.
I fell asleep when I was watching television.
3) è¿å»ä¸è¬æ¶æ说æçå¨ä½æ¯å·²ç»å®æç,èè¿å»è¿è¡æ¶ä¸è¡¨ç¤ºæ£å¨è¿è¡çå¨ä½ä¸å®ä¼å®æ,å¦ï¼
Tom was cooking the dinner.
Tom cooked the dinner.
ç°å¨å®æè¿è¡æ¶
å
¶ææå½¢å¼å¦ä¸ï¼
I / we / they have
He / she / it has been + å¨è¯çç°å¨åè¯
åç¨å¦ä¸ï¼
1ï¼ è¡¨ç¤ºä¸ä¸ªå¨è¿å»å¼å§èå¨æè¿ååç»æçè¡å¨,å¦ï¼
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
2) 表示ä¸ä¸ªä»è¿å»å¼å§ä½ä»å¨è¿è¡çè¡å¨,å¦ï¼
It has been raining for two hours. (ç°å¨è¿å¨ä¸)
Jack hasnât been feeling very well recently.
3) 表示ä¸ä¸ªä»è¿å»å¼å§å»¶ç»å°ç°å¨,å¯ä»¥å
æ¬ç°å¨å¨å
çä¸ä¸ªé¶æ®µå
,éå¤åççè¡å¨,å¦ï¼
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
4) ç°å¨å®ææ¶å¼ºè°å¨ä½è¡ä¸ºçç»æãå½±å,èç°å¨å®æè¿è¡æ¶åªå¼ºè°å¨ä½è¡ä¸ºæ¬èº«,å¦ï¼
Tomâs hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
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