不规则过去分词有哪些

如题所述

不规则动词过去式和过去分词
A. 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同.
cost----cost----cost cut----cut----cut put----put----put
let----let----let set----set----set hit----hit----hit
shut----shut----shut hurt---hurt----hurt read---read----read  读音 /e/

lie---lied---lied 说谎 lay---laid---laid 放置,下蛋
lay--- lain 躺下,位于,平放
B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同
1. 过去式和过去分词中含有ought, aught, 读音是[ :t]
bright----brought----brought think----thought----thought buy----bought----bought   
catch----caught----caught teach ---- taught ----taught
2. 动词原形中的e为o,变成过去式和过去分词。
get----got----got sell----sold----sold tell----told----told

3. 动词原形中i为a, … sit----sat----sat spit----spat----spat

4. 动词原形中i为o, … win----won----won shine----shone/ shined----shone / shined
5. 动词原形中an为oo, … stand----stood---stood understand----understood----understood
6. 动词原形中的ay为ai,… say----said----said pay----paid----paid
7. a)动词原形中的d为t,… send----sent----sent lend----lent----lent
spend----spent----spent build----built----built
b ) 动词原形最后一个字母改为t , … smell----smelt----smelt lose----lost----lost
c ) 动词原形后加一个字母t, … learn----learnt----learnt mean----meant----meant 读音/e/
d ) 动词原形中的ee去掉一个字母e, 然后在词尾加t. 字母e发音/e/
feel----felt----felt sleep----slept----slept sweep---swept----swept
keep---- kept----- kept
其它meet----met----met have----had----had hold----held----held
make----made----made dig----dug----dug hear----heard----heard
find----found----found   hang----hung ----hung

C.原型与过去分词相同
come----came----come run----ran----run become----became----become
D. 原形,过去式, 和 过去分词完全不同
1. 把动词原形中i改为a变成过去式,改成u变成过去分词.
begin ---- began -----begun drink---drank----drunk ring----rang-----rung
swim----swam----swum sing----sang----sung  
2. 把动词原形中o改为e变成过去式,在原形词尾加n变成过去分词.
blow----blew----blown grow----grew----grown know---knew---known
throw ---- threw ---- thrown fly ----flew /flu:/ ----flown ( 和以上相似)
3. 以下动词的过去分词都以en结尾,故把它们分为一类.
a ) 把动词原形中i改为o变成过去式,在词尾加n变成过去分词.
drive----drove----driven rise---rose---risen write---wrote---written (双写t )
ride----rode----ridden (双写d )
b ) 把动词原形中ea改为o, 在词尾加e变成过去式,在过去式后加n变成过去分词.
speak----spoke----spoken steal----stole----stolen break----broke----broken
c ) 把动词原形中的个别字母或字母组合改为o变成过去式, 在过去式后加n变成过去分词.
wake----woke----woken    freeze----froze----frozen
choose----chose----chosen   forget----forgot----forgotten (双写t,加en )

d) 其它过去分词以en结尾的动词
eat----ate----eaten beat---- beat ---- beaten fall----fell----fallen
give----gave----given see----saw----seen take----took----taken
mistake---- mistook----- mistaken hide----hid----hidden (双写d )
E. 没有过去分词的动词
can ----- could - may---- might - shall---- should- will ---- would -
其它
am, is ---- was----- been are-----were----- been    do-----did----- done
draw-----drew----- drawn/ :/  go-----went----- gone show----showed----shown
wear--- wore ---- worn

不规则动词的过去式 (初二)
不规则动词的过去式是同学们学习的重点,也是一个难点。同学们应通过不规则动词的动词原形和它们的过去式找出其变化规律,总结如下:
1. 把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。过去分词不变.如:
become—became, come—came
2.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam ,sink—sank,
3.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,shine—shone,win—won,write—wrote
4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:
get—got,forget—forgot
5.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如:
keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
6. 动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:
stand—stood,understand—understood
7.改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。如:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)
8.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如:
break—broke,speak—spoke
9.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如:
sell—sold,tell—told
10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是[ :t]的过去式。如:
bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
11.以ould结尾且读音为[ud]的情态动词过去式。如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would

12.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:
hear[hi ]—heard[h :d], say[sei]—said[sed],
mean[mi:n]—meant[ment], dream—dreamt [dremt]
13.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:
cut—cut, hit—hit, hurt—hurt, let—let,must—must,
put—put,read—read[red],set—set
14. 动词的过去式有两种形式。如:
  dream—dreamed/ dreamt learn—learnt/ learned shine—shone/ shined
smell—smelt/ smelled wake—woke/ waked
15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,
feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hide—hid,
hold—held,lay—laid,leave—left,lie—lay,lose—lost,make—made,may—
might,run—ran,see—saw, smell—smelt,take—took,wake—woke,
wear—wore
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第1个回答  2014-07-24
┌————————————————————————┐
│ 原型 │ 过去时 │ 过去分词 │ 汉语意思│
——————————————————————————
│be(am,is│ was │ been │ 是 │

be(am,is) was been ;是
be(are) were been ;是
beat beat beaten ;击打
become became become ;变为,变成(逐渐地)
begin began begun ;开始
blow blew blown ;(风)吹
break broke broken ;打破,打碎
bring brought brought ;带来
build built built ;建造
buy bought bought ;买(入)
can could could; ;能够,可以
catch caught caught ;抓到,赶上
choose chose chosen ;选取,选择
come came come ;来
cost cost cost ;花费
cut cut cut ;切
dig dug dug ;挖(洞)
do did done ;(助动词)做某个动作,或采取某个行动
draw drew drawn ;画画
drink drank drunk ;饮用,喝
drive drove driven ;驾驶,开(车)
eat ate eaten ;吃
fall fell fallen ;落下,摔倒,下降
feel felt felt ;感觉到
find found found ;找到
fly flew flown ;飞
forget forgot forgot/forgotten ;忘记
freeze froze frozen ;结冰,冷藏
get got got ;得到
give gave given ;给
go went gone ;去
grow grew grown ;长大,成长
hang hung/hanged hung/hanged ;挂
have(has) had had ;拥有,收到
hear heard heard ;听到,收到某人的消息
hide hid hidden ;躲藏
hit hit hit ;打击,碰撞
hold held held ;拿住,使~保持某种状态
hurt hurt hurt ;伤害
keep kept kept ;保持
know knew known ;知道,了解
lay laid laid ;放置
learn learnt/learned learnt/learned ;学习
leave left left ;离开
lend lent lent ;借出
let let let ;使
lie lay lain ;平躺,位于,
lose lost lost ;丢失
make made made ;使
may might might;可能
mean meant meant ;意思是
meet met met ;遇见,相识
mistake mistook mistaken ;误会,错误
must must must 必须
pay paid paid ;付(钱)
put put put ;放置
read read Read ;阅读
ride rode ridden ;骑,乘坐
ring rang rung ;环绕,包围
rise rose risen ;上升,站起来
run ran run ;跑
say said said ;说
see saw seen ;看见
sell sold sold ;卖
send sent sent ;发送,送,派,使
set set set ;放置,安放,制定,确定
shall should ;将要,必须,好吗?
shine shone shone ;发光,照亮
show showed shown ;展示
shut shut shut ;关上,打烊
sing sang sung ;歌唱
sink sank/sunk sunk/sunken ;下沉,减少
sit set set ;坐
sleep slept slept ;睡觉
smell smelt smelt ;闻到
speak spoke spoken ;说话,发言
spend spent spent ;花费(时间)
spill spilt spilt ;洒出,溅出
spoil spoilt spoilt ;破坏,变质
stand stood stood ;站立
sweep swept swept ;打扫,清除
swim swam swum ;游泳
take took taken ;拿住,拿出,做~
teach taught taught ;教
tell told told ;告诉
think thought thought ;想;思考
throw threw thrown ;扔
understand understood understood ;明白,理解
wake woke/waked woken/waked ;醒来
wear wore worn 穿
will would ;将要
win won won ,赢,获胜
write wrote witten ;写作
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