"be guilty of" 和 "be guilty about" 都是英语中表示"有罪"的短语，但它们在释义、用法、使用环境、影响范围和形象上有明显区别。
1. 释义区别:
- "be guilty of" 表示犯有某个具体的罪行，强调违法或不道德的行为。
- "be guilty about" 表示内心感到有愧、内疚或对某事负责任的心情或态度。
例句:
- He is guilty of stealing. (他犯有偷窃罪)
- She feels guilty about lying to her parents. (她对向父母撒谎感到内疚)
2. 用法区别:
- "be guilty of" 后面通常接具体的罪名、犯罪行为或错误的行为。
- "be guilty about" 后面通常接某种内疚的原因、事件或情况。
例句:
- They are guilty of fraud. (他们犯有欺诈罪)
- He is guilty about not helping his friend when she was in need. (他对在朋友需要帮助时没有帮助她感到内疚)
3. 使用环境区别:
- "be guilty of" 主要用于法律、法庭和法律文书等正式场合，描述犯罪行为或犯罪嫌疑人。
- "be guilty about" 可以用于正式和非正式场合，描述内心的感受、道德责任或自责。
例句:
- The defendant was found guilty of murder. (被告被判杀人罪)
- She is guilty about not fulfilling her promises. (她对未能履行自己的承诺感到内疚)
4. 影响范围区别:
- "be guilty of" 强调具体的罪行或错误行为，影响范围通常是个人或特定的行为。
- "be guilty about" 强调内疚或责任感，影响范围更广泛，涉及更多的情感和心理层面。
例句:
- He is guilty of cheating on the exam. (他犯有考试作弊罪)
- She feels guilty about not being there for her friends when they needed her. (她对在朋友需要她时没有站在他们身边感到内疚)
5. 形象区别:
- "be guilty of" 通常被视为具体的犯罪行为或违法行为，形象上与犯罪、惩罚联系紧密。
- "be guilty about" 通常被视为内心的感受、内疚或道德责任，形象上与自责、悔过联系紧密。
例句:
- They were found guilty of embezzlement. (他们被判挪用公款罪)
- He is guilty about not speaking up when he witnessed the injustice. (他对在目睹不公正时没有说出来感到内疚)