心理学家们发现：儿童的友谊随着儿童的成熟而改变。达蒙（Damon）曾经描述过友谊发展的三个水平。在第一级水平，朋友们分享食物和玩具，互相之间“好”。但是，这种友谊的建立和结束都很快，主要取决于朋友之间行为的“大方”或“小气”。父母应该明了，这种迅速变化的忠诚是友谊正常发展的一部分。这一阶段儿童的朋友观可能与其认知水平有关：低龄儿童难于认识没有直接感知的事物，因而难于建立稳定的友谊。
Psychologists
discovered
that
children's
friendships
changes
as
they
mature.
Damon
described
the
development
of
friendship
in
three
levels.
At
the
first
level,
friends
share
food
or
toys,
having
a
good
relationship
with
each
other.
However,
the
building
and
the
collapsing
of
this
friendship
both
end
quickly,
depending
on
the
generousity
of
these
children.
Parents
should
realize,
that
this
trust
that
changes
suddenly
is
a
normal
part
of
friendship
development.
At
this
stage,
children's
view
of
friendship
varies
with
their
knowledge.
Less
intelligent
children
cannot
distinguish
clearly,
therefore
have
less
stable
friendships.
友谊的第二级水平，朋友是玩伴和志趣相投者，这是在需要时，朋友自愿给予帮助决定的。儿童择友完全以具体行为，而不是根据稳定的个性品质为标准。比如“她总把她的午饭分给我吃”，或者，“人们对我不好时，他总帮助我”。这一阶段的友谊与具体操作的认识能力有关。
The
second
level
of
friendship
is
based
on
the
same
interests
among
children.
This
is
determined
by
when
in
need,
if
a
friend
voluntarily
gives
help.
Children
choose
friends
according
to
one's
actions,
not
one's
genuine
personality.
For
example,
friendship
may
be
established
by
"she
always
shares
her
lunch
with
me"
or
"he
always
helps
me
when
people
are
not
nice
to
me".
This
level
of
friendship
has
to
do
with
the
knowledge
of
the
practicals.
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