(一)虚拟条件句
一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
非真实条件句表示不大可能或不可能发生或实现的的假设,句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的时态可用以下内容表示:
1、虚拟现在时(与现在事实相反),从句谓语形式用动词的过去式(be一般用were),主句谓语形式Should(would,could,might)+动词原形
2、虚拟过去时(与过去事实相反),从句谓语形式用Had+过去分词,主句谓形式Should(would,could,might)+have+过去分词
3、虚拟将来时(与将来事实相反),从句谓形式用动词的一般过去式,或were to +动词原形或should+动词原形,主句谓语形式 hould(would,could,might)动词原形
练习:
1:If the whole operation______beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost.
A )was not planned
B)has not been planned
C)had not been planned
D)were not planned
2、Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she _____a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.
A)has to get
B)were to get
C)had got
D)could have got
解析:1、答案C。由主句的谓语动词would have been lost 可以判断,本题考查的是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的用法,if 引导的从句须用过去完成时,故C项为正确答案。本句题意是:如果整个手术不提前安排的话,那就要浪费大量的时间和金钱。
2、答案B。because引导的原因状语从句中有一个虚拟结构,if 条件从句谓语动词的时态应与wouldn’t be able to 对应,表示与将来事实相反的虚拟,条件从句的谓语应用should或were to +动词原形,因此B项正确。本题句意是:吉恩并不想马上去上班,因为好考虑到一旦上班,她很可能不能经常见到她的朋友们。
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