第1个回答 2015-10-26
一虚拟语气
1） 概念
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
2） 在条件句中的应用
条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。
Were they here now, they could help us.
=If they were here now, they could help us.
Had you come earlier, you would have met him
=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.
Should it rain, the crops would be saved.
=Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.
注意：
在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were"，不用was， 即在从句中be用were代替。
If I were you, I would go to look for him.
如果我是你，就会去找他。
If he were here, everything would be all right.
如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。
二祈使语气
祈使语气表示劝告、命令、希望或禁止等,用原形动词开始,主语常被省略。
Give me some candies first.
先给我些糖果。
祈使语气表示恳求、建议或邀请。
Be a good boy. Tell me, please.
要做个好孩子。请告诉我吧。
Speak more slowly, please.
请讲慢些。
三省略句
省略句是省略了一个或多个句子成分, 如主语、述语动词或子句的句子。
在不会引起误解或非正式场合, 句子的主语可以省略。
(It) Looks like rain.
看起来要下雨。
对等连接词and连接两个并列的子句,若两句中的述语动词相同,第二句中的动词可以省略。
I am a doctor, and my wife (is) a teacher.
我是个医生，我妻子是教师。
四定语从句
定语从句
1.在句子中充当形容词用的子句是形容词子句。
2.形容词子句可修饰人或物,用关系代名词who,which,that等连接。
The teacher blamed the boy that(who) broke the window.
老师责备了打坏窗子的男孩。
that broke the window是形容词子句,修饰the boy。
It must be a toy car that(which) can be assembled.
一定是个能组装的玩具车。
that(which) can be assembled是形容词子句,修饰a toy car。
He was reading a book that(which) was written by Mark Twain.
他在读一本马克吐温写的书。
which was written by Mark Twain是形容词子句,修饰a book
五状语从句---副词子句
1.在句子中起副词作用的子句是副词子句。
2.副词子句表示时间。
Before it gets dark, I’ll come back.
天黑以前我会回来。
After it gets dark, the children go back home.
天黑以后孩子们回家。
六从句与先行词一致
1. 子句与先行词一致主要指形容词子句的关系代名词和述语动词与主要子句的先行词的一致。
2. 关系代名词who, which, that在形容词子句中作主语时,人称、性、数以及述语动词必须和先行词一致。
I, who am your friend, can help you.
我作为你的朋友可以帮助你。
七不定式
不定词的简单式由to+原形动词构成,其动作与主要动词同时发生,或发生在主要动词之后。
I am glad to see you.
我见到你很高兴。
He promised to raise money for us.
他答应为我们筹备款项。
八被动语态用得不如主动语态多，但在某些情况下须要用或宜用被动语态。
1.不知道或不必指明动作的发出者时用被动语态。
He was born in 1971.
他出生于1971年。
The origin of the universe will probably never be explained.
宇宙的起源大概永远不会有答案。
2.要强调或突出动作的承受者时用被动语态。
The plan has already been canceled.
这个计划已经取消。
第2个回答 2008-12-18
A
ask sb about doing sth
ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
agree to do sth 同意做某事
allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事
(sb.)be allowed to do sth (某人)被允许做某事
B
be interested in doing sth 乐忠于做某事
be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事
be afraid of doing sth. = be afraid to do sth
by doing sth 通过做某事的方法/依据此事做某事
be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
C
consider doing sth 考虑做某事
can't stand doing sth 不能忍受做某事.
D
do one's best to do sth 尽某人最大努力去做某事
drop doing sth
do well in doing sth 在某方面做的好
decide to do sth 决定做某事
E
end up doing sth
enjoy doing sth 对某事感到兴趣
F
forget to do sth忘记去做某事
forget doing sth忘记已做过的事
find sb doing sth发现某人在做某事
finish doing sth 完成某事
G
get to do sth
give up doing sth 放弃做某事
go on doing sth继续做同一件事
go on to do sth.继续做不同的事
H
have trouble doing sth 焦虑于做某事
how to do sth 怎么去做某事
had better do sth 最好做某事
hope to do sth 希望做某事
hear sb to do sth 听到某人去做某事
help sb to do sth.=help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事
I
it is time to do sth 是该时间做某事
invite sb to do sth 邀请某人去做某事
love to do sth 暂时性地喜欢去做某事 同like用法
love doing sth 指一直都很喜欢做某事 同like用法
invite sb to do sth
K
keep sb./ sth. out (of sth.) 不让……入内
keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事
keep sb doing 让某人一直做某事
keep sb from doing 不让某人做某事
L
let sb do sth
like to do sth 暂时性地喜欢去做某事 同love用法
like doing sth 指一直都很喜欢做某事 同love用法
listen to sth
lend sb to do sth 送某人去做什么
M
mind one's doing sth
make sb. do sth 使某人做某事
mind doing sth
N
(sb.)need to do sth (某人)需要去做某事
P
practice doing sth 练习做某事
prefer to do sth rather do sth.
prefer doing(A) to doing(B) 比起B更喜欢A
plan to do sth 计划做某事
R
remember (not)to do sth (不)记得去做……
remember doing sth 记得已做过……
S
stop to do sth 停止原先做的事再去做某事
stop doing sth 停止正在做的事
succeed in doing sth 在某事上获取了成功
see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 同 watch 用法
(sb．)spend some time doing sth. (某人)花时间做某事
start to do sth/doing sth. =begin to do sth./doing sth.开始做某事
T
try to do sth 努力做某事
try doing sth 试着做某事
tell sb (not)to do sth
thank sb for doing sth 感谢某人做了某事
too...to do sth 太...而不能 做某事
the best way to do sth 做某事的最好方式
takes sb． some time to do sth. 花时间做某事
U
used to do sth 过去经常做什么
used for doing sth 用于做什么
used of 利用
W
watch sb do sth 表示看见某人做某事的全过程 同see等用法
watch sb doing sth 表示看见某人正在做某事 同see等用法
would like to do sth 想要去做某事
want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
want to do sth. 想要去做某事
What about doing sth 做某事怎么样? 通常用于提建议.
watch / see/ hear sb do / doing sth
Why not do sth 为什么不做某事呢? 通常用于提建议
wait for sb to do sth 等待某人为自己做某事
Y
you'd better (not)do sth 你最好(不)要做某事
第3个回答 2008-12-18
like后面动词ing形式
介词(to of等)后面动词保持原形
有be动词(is am are was were)就不能有助动词(do did does)
第3人称(it he she)后面动词加s
if引导的句子主将从现(就是说主句将来时,从句现在时)
副词(例:specially)修饰动词,后位修饰(就是说动词写在副词前面).
形容词修饰名词(例:blue sky)
listen,look,等等词,后面动词ing形式
.......
还有很多,上网问不实际,要多听老师讲,多做课堂笔记,多问老师才实际.
好好学习吧.
参考资料：自己总结