On the Characteristics of Business English Language and Translation
Abstract: The Business English to convey Information such as business theory and practice, its highly specialized vocabulary, stylistic norms formal statement, a simple and neat, multi-sociability sets of language, there are some metaphors, hyperbole, contrast and other rhetorical devices. Participants should have a strong business cross-cultural awareness, business English translation should abide by 'the faithful, accurate, and unified' three principles, but the translation should not blindly emphasized that trademark 'faithful', but should aim to achieve 'communicative function' right and so on, to reach commodity propaganda purposes.
English for Specific Purposes Business English belongs to a branch, a variant. And there is no fundamental difference between General English, business English, is in a different business scenarios in the use of English, so has its 'business' features. [1] (P17) 1, business English vocabulary and its contents are highly specialized business English vocabulary is characterized by the use of the most precise use of professional vocabulary, which contains a large number of specialized vocabulary, with the ordinary meaning of the word business or compound words, as well as acronyms and so on. [2] commonly used terms such as price FOB, CIF has its own specific professional content. FOB (free on board), FOB price; FOB means the seller to deliver goods by the buyer is responsible for producing the freight transaction. CIF (cost, insurance andfreight), cost, insurance and freight CIF means the seller is responsible for freight, insurance transaction. Others such as: CWO (cash with order), orders of payment; B / L (bill of lading), bills of lading; L / C (letter of credit), letters of credit; COD (cash on delivery), shipping to pay now; WPA (with par2ticular average), W. P. A. (referring to the sea in the insurance business in the part of the loss caused by an accident); blue chip, blue chip, blue-chip stocks; bad debt, bad debt (that is not recoverable accounts receivable); a firm offer, firm offer, and so on. Do not understand these technical terms, they can not prepare for such business English translation. [3] (P1025) Business English vocabulary not only has the basic meaning of words, with a specific professional connotation, but in different settings have different meanings. For example: (1) Liquidity: Basically, this is the ability of a company to re2pay its short-term debts.It is usually measured by the current ratio (current assetsν current liabilities). For companies with high stocklevels, the so-called quick ratio may be more relevant since thisexcludes stocks from the current assets. solvency: solvency is basically a company's ability to repay short-term debt, usually with the turnover rate (current assets current liabilities ν ) Table measures. A large proportion of the stock companies, the so-called fast turnover rate (ie: liquid assets do not include money paid for shares) may be more appropriate. (This translation contains several errors) highly specialized business English, this feature has also decided to English translation of the special nature of the business. For business English translation of the standards and principles, both wrote in admiration of the 'letter and Elegance', Mr. Liu Zhongde's' letter, up, cut ', or Peter Newmark's communicative translation method, Nida's' Functional Equivalence 'and so can not fully applied, but may be an appropriate reference. I believe that Mr. Liu Fagong proposed 'faithful (faithfulness), accurate (exactness), Unity (consistence)' Business English translation of the principle of fundamentally adapted to the specificity of business English. Faithful, that is correct information in the original language translation language is available out of grammar and sentence Structure are not demanding the same, but requested that the information content on the same weight. Accurate, that is the original language into the target language content conversion process of the contents of selected words accurately, so that the precise expression of concepts, and materials with the name referred to the right, digital and unit precision and accuracy are the core of business English translation. Unity, that is, Chinese-English translation of the translation process, concepts, terminology should remain united at all times, does not allow the same concept or terminology translation of arbitrary change. (Liu method public ', the Chinese translation', 2002,1) the translation of example listed in the liquidity, current ratio, current assets, current liabilities, quick ratio of the translation was not accurate, uniform, while the stock was mistranslation, the translator misinterpreted The term of the stock of the meaning in this context, I believe that these translations can be improved example listed as follows: mobility, actually refers to a company's ability to repay short-term debt, usually with the current ratio (current assets Total current liabilities total ν ) to measured. A large proportion of the stock companies, th2, Business English words in the body language that has standardized, formal nature of Joos (1962) once the language is in use due to the relative position of both communication and social relations arising from changes in the different divided into five classes, called the five kinds of body language (style), namely: cold body (frozen) --- formal style (formal) --- to discuss body (consultative) --- casual style (casual) --- intimate body (intimate). Business English is used in a variety of international business English, business communication between the parties should not only embody the principles of equality and mutual benefit, but also to maintain good relations of cooperation, it is necessary to ensure that the terms used in its international general nature that is acceptable, but also can not be too colloquial, too informal, word style should be between a formal body (for2mal) --- to discuss body (consultative) between. Thus, overly simplistic, colloquial some prepositions and adverbs, such as because, about, if, like, for, such as in Business English will be more formal specification replaced by prepositional phrases, such as on thegrounds that, with reference to, in the event / case of, in the natureof, for the purpose of and so on. Spoken often used in verb phrases, such as the goon, add to be more formal, such as a single verb continue, supplement replaced. Business English style on different occasions has different changes. Such as business letters are written language, more formal specification, but the present trend is the use of concise business letters vivid spoken, so that warm tone, nature, manifested in the usual big words and formal terms have been replaced by short word or phrase, such as the use 'We tryto choose our trading partners carefully.' alternative 'We endeavor tochoose our trading partners with discretion.' in the business contracts, frequent use of some very formal, unfamiliar words to display business documents normative and binding. As with the expiry rather than the end, with certify not prove so. Commercial contracts are legal documents, its informality is also reflected in the extensive use of a number of legal jargon or legal characteristics of words, such as the infringement (infringement), NOWTHEREFORE (hereby, wishes), IN WITNESSTH WHERE OF (I certify), etc... From here / there / where the Old English preposition often constitute the contract documents for the English phrases, such as the hereafter Since then, in the future; hereby hereby, it is; herein herein, this; hereinafter below; hereof In this article, on this point; hereto in this (agreement or written material), this; heretobefore date, before; hereupon followed immediately; thereafter thereafter thereafter; thereby result, and therefore; therein, in which; thereinafter below, the following ; thereof in which it; thereon / upon in his last, in this; thereto increases in (agreement) above is included; thereunder, in its next; whereas light; whereby virtue; wherein there; whereof wishes; whereupon a result, So. Translation of such business, when the public style, but also translated into Chinese style of business the public, so that style of functional equivalence. For example: (2) WHEREAS, A desires to export to B the goods as specifiedin Exhibit A thereof (hereinafter called the'Goods'); and whereas, B desires to import the Goods from A. Now, THEREFORE, Aand B hereby agree as follows: ... ... In view of Party A to Party B is willing to export this contract items specified in Annex A (hereinafter referred to as 'goods'); and the light from the Party A Party B is willing to import these goods, therefore, Party A and Party B agree to enter into special the following provisions: ... ... (3) IN WITNESS WHREROF, the parties hereto have causedthis agreement to be executed by their respective representatives on the date first above written. I certify that this Agreement by both parties and signed on behalf of the above-mentioned date of contracting. As noted in the above analysis shows, business English translator on various occasions, we must accurately grasp the source of the stylistic characteristics of body language as much as possible in the target language to find the corresponding words in the body.
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