跪求初中到高中的语法填空题的规律,要实用的

就是看到哪个单词就选哪个的那种规律

规律1 考查英语语法基础知识 尽管高考英语的单项填空题的考点分布很广,但可以肯定的是,它主要涉及的还是英语语法的基础知识,只有具备一定的语法基础,同时兼顾一定的解题方法和技巧,大部分考题都是可以做出来的。如: 1. Judy is going to marry the sailor she ______ in Rome last year. (2008重庆卷) A. meets B. met C. has met D. would meet 【分析】B。根据句末的last year可知,空格处应用一般过去时。注:she met in Rome last year为修饰the sailor的定语从句。 2. Isn’t it amazing how the human body heals ______ after an injury? (2008江西卷) A. himself B. him C. itself D. it 【分析】C。同学们在初中英语中就学过,当主语和宾语指同一个人或事物时,宾语必须要用反身代词,不能用宾格代词。注:heal oneself在此指“自愈”。 规律2 在语境中考查语法运用 近年来高考英语单项填空的一个最大特点就是突出语境考查,即将具体的语法知识置于特定的语境中进行考查,既考查运用语法知识的正确性,同时也考查运用语法知识的得体性。如: 1. I thought you’d be late for the concert, ______ we ended up getting there ahead of time. (2008湖南卷) A. but B. or C. so D. for 【分析】A。比较空格前后两句的意思:前面说“我原以为你听音乐会会迟到的”,后面说“结果我们提前赶到了”。很显然空格处应填一个表转折的连词,这样才符合句子的语境。 2. You ______ be hungry already—you had lunch only two hours ago! (2008浙江卷) A. wouldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t 【分析】B。做好此题要注意句子后半部的语境。既然you had lunch only two hours ago(你两个小时前才吃过中饭),所以你现在“不可能”就饿了,所以答案选B。 规律3 综合考查语法基础知识 这里说的综合考查语法知识,指的是一道考题同时考查两个或多个语法点,如将时态考点与语态考点综合,将时态考点与主谓一致考点综合,将非谓语动词考点与并列句考点综合,将复合句考点与简单句考点综合,等等。如: 1. —Did you go to the show last night? —Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area ______ invited. (2008陕西卷) A. were B. have been C. has been D. was 【分析】D。此题既考查时态的用法,同时又考查主语一致。根据问句中的时态和last night这一短语可知,此处谈的是昨晚的事,故应用一般过去时,而不用现在完成时。另外,根据英语语法,当两个或多个名词并列作主语,且受到every的修饰时,其后谓语动词要用单数。故答案选D。 2. —Do you have any problems if you ______ this job? —Well, I’m thinking about the salary... (2008湖南卷) A. offer B. will offer C. are offered D. will be offered 【分析】C。此题既考查时态,同时又考查被动语态。由于if引导的是条件状语从句,所以要用一般现在时表示将来意义,而不能直接使用将来时态,故可排除B和D;再根据offer sb sth(为某人提供某物)这一句式可知,sb与offer之间为被动关系,故要用被动语态。 规律4 在特定语境中考查边缘知识 这里所说的边缘知识,指的是一般语法上涉及得较少,许多同学在复习中接触较少的知识点。这类考点有的虽然一般语法书讲得较少,但并不意味着它在英语中并不重要。如: 1. When she first arrived in China, she wondered what the future might have ______ for her, but now all her worries are gone. (2008湖北卷) A. in need B. in time C. in preparation D. in store 【分析】D。in store for是习语,其意为“为……储备着”“等待着……”,如:The runner kept some energy in store for spurting at the end. 那名赛跑的人为最后的冲刺贮存精力。There’s a surprise in store for you. 你一定会大吃一惊的。 2. Elizabeth has already achieved success ______ her wildest dreams. (2008陕西卷) A. at B. beyond C. within D. upon 【分析】B。beyond one’s wildest dreams为习语,其意为“远远超出想象或希望”,这可能是许多同学不太熟悉的一个用法,并且它在教材中也没有出现过。又如:The scheme succeeded beyond my wildest dreams. 这个计划超乎异常地成功了。 3. Engines are to machines _______ hearts are to animals. (2006山东卷) A. as B. that C. what D. which 【分析】C。这是一个比较难的考题,就算是放到大学四、六级考试中也绝对算是难题,一般的英语语法书也绝对没有涉及此问题,就是连最新出版的《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》和《朗文当代高级英语辞典》的what词条下也找不到此用法。现分析如:what 在此用作连词,其意为“好比”“犹如”“就像”,用以引导相似状语从句。如:Air is to us what water is to fish. 我们离不开空气,就像鱼儿离不开水一样。Reading is to the mind what food is to the body. 读书与思想的关系就好比食物与健康的关系。 规律5 在复杂语境中考查简单知识 有的知识点本来很简单,如果是单独进行考查,一般学生都不会出错,但是如果将其置于一个较复杂的语境中,许多考生就可能受复杂句子结构的影响而选错。如: 1. —Could you tell me how to get to Victoria Street? (2008辽宁卷) —Victoria Street? ______ is where the Grand Theatre is. A. Such B. There C. That D. This 【分析】C。此题考查指示代词that的远指用法,这是同学们在初中就学过的知识了。但是,由于命题者将这个本来很简单的知识点放到了一个比较复杂的对话背景中,分散了同学们对被考查知识点的注意力,所以许多同学在做此题时选错了答案。请再看一个类似的例子:That day we visited an old house. That’s where he spent his last years. 那天我们去参观了一座老房子,那就是他去世前几年他住的地方。这类句式如果改用this,则表近指,如:This is where the river is deepest. 这是河流的最深处。This is where we change from car to bus. 这就是我们从小汽车换乘公共汽车的地方。 2. If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic. But it ______ all day. (2008全国Ⅱ) A. rained B. rains C. has rained D. is raining 【分析】A。此题考查一般过去时的用法,但试题使用了虚拟语气作为命题背景,且该虚拟语气谈的是过去情况(根据句中的had been和could have had可知),句意为“要是(当时)天气好一点,我们就可以去野餐了”。该虚拟语气的言外之意是“(由于天气不好)我们没有去野餐”。为什么没去呢?but后说的就是其原因:整天都在下雨。这里说的“下雨”,显然指的是过去的情况,故用一般过去时。 规律6 利用思维定势设置干扰项 同学们在对某个知识点或重要句式进行反复操练后,往往会形成一定的思维定势。由于思维定势在很大程度上带有惯性,有时甚至是惰性,所以同学们在做题时若不仔细读题,认真分析,很可能会受此影响,步入误区。如: 1. Nancy enjoyed herself so much ______ she visited her friends in Sydney last year. (2008福建卷) A. that B. which C. when D. where 【分析】C。本题很容易让考生受思维定势的负面影响,见到so马上选择that,殊不知此题考查的是when引导的时间状语从句,句意为:南希去年拜访悉尼的朋友时过得非常开心。如果选A,则句意为:南希玩得如此开心以至于拜访了悉尼的几个朋友。显然,意思不合逻辑。 2. —Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? —Yes, since she ______ the Chinese Society. (2008宁夏卷) A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined 【分析】D。许多同学认为since总是要与现在完成时连用的,所以误选了A。其实,本句中since she join the Chinese Society为I have known Dr. Jackson since she joined the Chinese Society之省略。连词since所搭配的时态通常是:主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。 3. —They are quiet, aren’t they? —Yes. They are accustomed ______ at meals. (2008江苏卷) A. to talk B. to not talk C. to talking D. to not talking 【分析】D。此题设计得很巧妙。有的同学在排除选项B时,同时也会排除选项D,因为它们的结构太相似了。但事实上,正确答案正是D。be accustomed to的意思是“习惯于做……”,其中的to通常被认为是介词,后接名词或动名词,但在现代英语中,其后也可接动词原形,即其中的to被视为不定式符号。照此分析,好像四个答案都可以,但其实只有D最佳。因为根据语境分析(注意其中的are quiet, yes等关键词),此题应选一个否定式,故可排除A和C。另外,从语法上分析,非谓语动词的否定式总是将not置于非谓语动词之前,所以C应改为not to talk才对;至于D,由于其中的to是介词,其后接动名词talking作宾语,动名词talking的否定式为not talking,所以说to not talking是正确的。 规律7 直接引用词典原句进行命题 近年来,高考英语命题一直有个习惯,就是喜欢从一些原版英语词典上直接引用例句进行命题。这点希望引起同学们的注意。下面请看几个例子: 1. My neighbor asked me to go for ______ walk, but I don’t think I’ve got ______ energy. (2008辽宁卷) A. a; 不填 B. the; the C. 不填; the D. a; the 【分析】D。go for a walk为固定表达,意为“去散步”;have got the energy意为“有精力”。此题出自Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary的the词条,词典上的原句为:I’d like to go out this evening, but I don’t think I’ve got the energy. 2. —I’d like some more cheese. —Sorry, there’s ______ left. (2008浙江卷) A. some B. none C. a little D. few 【分析】B。由于cheese不可数,故可排除D;再根据句中的sorry可知,此处应填表否定意义的none。注:此题出自Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary的none词条,词典上的原句为:“I’d like some more cheese.”“I’m sorry there’s none left.” 3. He found it increasingly difficult to read, ______ his eyesight was beginning to fail. (2008山东卷) A. though B. for C. but D. so 【分析】B。for在此表原因。又如:He shook his head, for he thought differently. 他摇了摇头,因为他有不同想法。 注:此题出自Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English的for词条,词典上的原句为:He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail 追问: 没了? 回答: 没有了, 你可以在“百度”里输入“初中到高中的语法填空题的规律”可以看到。

麻烦采纳,谢谢!
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