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How Should Institutions Change?
A Comparison of Institutional Changes of Land betweenChinaandBritain
Sheng Hong
Abstract: There is a big difference between the institutional change of land inChinaand that inBritainsince modern age. In China, an efficient system of land property rights and an institutional arrangement for free trade of land was shifted into a system of collective owned land without consent of farmers and regulated by government, while in Britain, there was almost no any surface change on feudal system of land tenure. However, the results are that theBritainfinished firstly the Industrial Revolution and modern urbanization, whileChinasuffered the decline of farming productivity and depression on industrialization and urbanization. Afterward, the family-land contracting system came back again to the way to define land property rights and to allow free trade of land. The historical lessons tell us that an institutional change is efficient as long as the agents are volunteer, and no matter how its goal is noble and great as said, a reform with coercion must lead a retrogress of institutions.
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Key Words: Land, Institutional change,China,Britain
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