A能连续被氧化,则A是醇,B是醛,C是羧酸,C能发生银镜反应,则C是甲酸或二甲酸,X水解生成C和D,且X中只含2个氧原子,所以C是HCOOH,B是HCHO,A是CH
3OH;
D能与新制氢氧化铜反应,说明D中含有醛基,E遇FeCl
3溶液显色,说明E中含有酚羟基,由于在稀碱溶液中,连在苯环上的溴原子不易发生水解,说明X中酯基为甲酸与酚形成的,即存在HCOO-,两个羟基同时连在同一碳原子上的结构是不稳定,会发生脱水反应,说明存在-CHBr
2,芳香族化合物X,其苯环上的一溴代物只有一种,说明X中苯环上只有一类氢原子,其核磁共振氢谱图中有四个吸收峰,说明含有4种氢原子,吸收峰的面积比为1:2:6:1,可以确定X含有2个甲基,结合E能与能与浓溴水反应,故HCOO-基团的邻、对位位置有H原子,综上分析可推知X的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/fcfaaf51f3deb48f56d2216ff31f3a292cf578cc?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,X水解然后酸化得D,D的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/5d6034a85edf8db12d5cfcd50a23dd54564e7415?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,D被氧化生成E,E的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/0823dd54564e92583d46065f9f82d158ccbf4e15?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,E和氢气发生加成反应生成F,F的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/bd315c6034a85edf68377e924a540923dc5475cc?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,F发生缩聚反应生成G,G的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/838ba61ea8d3fd1fba7b228b334e251f95ca5f15?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,H能使溴水褪色,应是F在浓硫酸、加热条件下发生消去反应生成H,故H为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/9358d109b3de9c823ede793e6f81800a18d843cc?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,H能发生加聚反应生成I,I的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/9a504fc2d5628535d067a8a393ef76c6a6ef63a8?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
(1)根据分析可知,H的结构简式为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/9358d109b3de9c823ede793e6f81800a18d843cc?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,则H的分子式为:C
9H
14O
2,
故答案为:C
9H
14O
2;
(2)C的结构简式为:HCOOH,I的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/9a504fc2d5628535d067a8a393ef76c6a6ef63a8?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
故答案为:HCOOH;
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/9a504fc2d5628535d067a8a393ef76c6a6ef63a8?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;
(3)H为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/9358d109b3de9c823ede793e6f81800a18d843cc?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,H能发生加聚反应生成I:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/9a504fc2d5628535d067a8a393ef76c6a6ef63a8?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
故答案为:加聚反应;
(4)E的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/0823dd54564e92583d46065f9f82d158ccbf4e15?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
A.E含有酚羟基和甲基,能发生取代反应,故A错误;
B.根据E的结构简式可知,E不能发生消去反应,故B正确;
C.E是有机物能氧化反应,且酚羟基易被氧化,故C错误;
D.E分子中不含醛基,不能发生银镜反应,故D正确;
故答案为:BD;
(5)D的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/5d6034a85edf8db12d5cfcd50a23dd54564e7415?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
A.D的结构简式中含有酚羟基,酚羟基的酸性大于碳酸氢根离子,所以苯酚与碳酸钠反应生成碳酸氢钠,故A错误;
B.根据D的结构简式可知,其分子的苯环上有四个取代基,故B正确;
C.醛基能够与氢气反应生成醇,该反应为还原反应,则D物质具有氧化性,可还原生成二元酚,故C错误;
D.D分子中含有苯环,所以D物质是芳香族化合物,故D错误;
故答案为:ACD;
(6)①X含有酯基和溴原子,所以能和氢氧化钠溶液反应,X与足量稀NaOH溶液共热的化学方程式:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/38dbb6fd5266d0162ca31e99942bd40734fa35cc?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/38dbb6fd5266d0162ca31e99942bd40734fa35cc?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;
②F为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/bd315c6034a85edf68377e924a540923dc5475cc?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,在浓硫酸作用下加热反应可以生成H
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/9358d109b3de9c823ede793e6f81800a18d843cc?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,反应的化学反应方程式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/bd315c6034a85edf68377e924a540923dc5475cc?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/9358d109b3de9c823ede793e6f81800a18d843cc?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
+H
2O,
故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/bd315c6034a85edf68377e924a540923dc5475cc?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/9358d109b3de9c823ede793e6f81800a18d843cc?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
+H
2O.