第1个回答 2013-07-25
持续性动词: live, run, stay, clean, play, hold, watch, teach, read, study, teach, eat, drink, write, dance,sing,smoke
短暂性动词:open,stop,like,love,die,win,close,shot,begin,start enter,finish
第2个回答 2013-07-25
例1
Eric has __ to Beijing since 1999.
A. gone
B. been
分析:若选A. gone,表示在两年内,Eric去北京这一短暂性动作(go)从1999年持续到现在,既不合情理也不是可能的。
选B. been则表示Eric来到北京这一状态从1999年持续到现在,因此应该选择B。
例2
Diana has __ for seven years.
A. died
B. been dead
分析:同样,“死”也是短暂性动作,是一次性事件,因此不可能在七年里不断重复“死”的动作。因此只能用表状态的be dead,表示死了的状态持续了七年。
例3
Isaac __ the CD player for two weeks.
A. has bought
B. has had
分析:buy是短暂性动词,对于买一件商品,“买”这一动作也是短暂性动词,它不可能持续两个星期。have表示“拥有”,是延续性动词,表示Isaac“拥有”这台CD播放机两个星期了。
例 4
She left three days ago.
When did she leave?
She’s been away for three days.
How long has she been away?
分析:leave是短暂性动词,be away是表状态的短语。
例 5
Jay joined the army two years ago.
Jay has been in the army since two years ago.
分析:join是短暂性动词,be in是表状态的短语。
例 7
She hasn't heard from her sister for two weeks.
分析:hear from是“收到…的来信”的意思,是短暂性动词短语,但其否定形式时则表示一种的状态,没有收到信的状态,因此可以跟表示一段时间的状语连用。
一般过去时常跟表示时间点状语连用,因此谓语必须是短暂性动作,要用短暂性动词。
例 8
It __ at eight this morning.
A. rained
B. began to rain
分析:rain是延续性动词,而at eight表示一个时间点,前后矛盾。