支气管扩张病人的主要的临床特点为？

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

临床呈慢性经过，可有麻疹、百日咳、流感、吸入异物、慢性鼻炎及鼻旁窦炎等病史。　　多有童年患肺炎、百日咳等肺部严重感染病史。青年时期常伴有呼吸道感染反复发作，而后出现慢性咳嗽伴脓性痰，晨起或入夜卧床、体位改变时痰量增多。并发呼吸道急性感染时有高热、胸痛、咳嗽加剧、消瘦、贫血等全身中毒症状。　　痰液收集于玻璃瓶中观察，可发现有四层的特征，上层为泡沫，下悬脓性成分，中为混合粘液，底层为坏死组织沉淀物。　　咯血是支气管扩张的另一典型表现。部分病人咳、咳痰不明显，主要为反复咯血，习称“干性支气管扩张”。咳痰不明显。　　轻症病人可无异常体征，典型者可于病变局部闻及持续存在的湿性罗音，长期反复感染者可出现杵状指（趾）及肺气肿征。

Answer 2

支气管扩张的主要因素为支气管-肺组织的感染和支气管阻塞。感染引起管腔粘膜的充血、水肿，使管腔狭小，分泌物易阻塞管腔，导致引流不畅而加重感染；支气管阻塞引流不畅会诱发肺部感染。
多数患者在童年有麻疹、百日咳或支气管肺炎迁延不愈的病史，以后常有呼吸道反复发作的感染。其典型症状为慢性咳嗽伴大量脓痰和反复咯血。
The main factors bronchiectasis bronchial - pulmonary tissue infections and bronchial obstruction. Lumen mucosal infections caused congestion, edema, so that the lumen is narrow, easily blocked luminal secretions, resulting in poor drainage aggravate infection; poor drainage of bronchial obstruction may induce lung infection.http://kan.weibo.com/con/3615543093903252?_from=titleMost patients in childhood measles, whooping cough, or a history of bronchial pneumonia, delayed healing, often after repeated episodes of respiratory tract infections. The typical symptoms of chronic cough with purulent sputum and hemoptysis lot.