é«äºå¦ä¹ çæ¯éä¿®3-1ã3-2.主è¦å
容åå
¬å¼å¦ä¸ï¼ä¾ä½ åèï¼
ä¸ãçµåº
1.两ç§çµè·ãçµè·å®æå®å¾ãå
çµè·ï¼(eï¼1.60Ã10-19Cï¼ï¼å¸¦çµä½çµè·éçäºå
çµè·çæ´æ°å
2.åºä»å®å¾ï¼Fï¼kQ1Q2/r2ï¼å¨ç空ä¸ï¼ï½F:ç¹çµè·é´çä½ç¨å(N)ï¼k:éçµå常ékï¼9.0Ã109N?m2/C2ï¼Q1ãQ2:两ç¹çµè·ççµé(C)ï¼r:两ç¹çµè·é´çè·ç¦»(m)ï¼æ¹åå¨å®ä»¬çè¿çº¿ä¸ï¼ä½ç¨åä¸åä½ç¨åï¼åç§çµè·äºç¸ææ¥ï¼å¼ç§çµè·äºç¸å¸å¼ï½
3.çµåºå¼ºåº¦ï¼Eï¼F/qï¼å®ä¹å¼ã计ç®å¼)ï½E:çµåºå¼ºåº¦(N/C)ï¼æ¯ç¢éï¼çµåºçå å åçï¼ï¼qï¼æ£éªçµè·ççµé(C)ï½
4.ç空ç¹ï¼æºï¼çµè·å½¢æççµåºEï¼kQ/r2 ï½rï¼æºçµè·å°è¯¥ä½ç½®çè·ç¦»ï¼mï¼ï¼Qï¼æºçµè·ççµéï½
5.å强çµåºçåºå¼ºEï¼UAB/d ï½UAB:AB两ç¹é´ççµå(V)ï¼d:AB两ç¹å¨åºå¼ºæ¹åçè·ç¦»(m)ï½
6.çµåºåï¼Fï¼qE ï½F:çµåºå(N)ï¼q:åå°çµåºåççµè·ççµé(C)ï¼E:çµåºå¼ºåº¦(N/C)ï½
7.çµå¿ä¸çµå¿å·®ï¼UABï¼ÏA-ÏBï¼UABï¼WAB/qï¼-ÎEAB/q
8.çµåºåååï¼WABï¼qUABï¼Eqdï½WAB:带çµä½ç±Aå°Bæ¶çµåºåæåçå(J)ï¼q:带çµé(C)ï¼UAB:çµåºä¸AãB两ç¹é´ççµå¿å·®(V)(çµåºåååä¸è·¯å¾æ å
³),E:å强çµåºå¼ºåº¦,d:两ç¹æ²¿åºå¼ºæ¹åçè·ç¦»(m)ï½
9.çµå¿è½ï¼EAï¼qÏA ï½EA:带çµä½å¨Aç¹ççµå¿è½(J)ï¼q:çµé(C)ï¼ÏA:Aç¹ççµå¿(V)ï½
10.çµå¿è½çååÎEABï¼EB-EA ï½å¸¦çµä½å¨çµåºä¸ä»Aä½ç½®å°Bä½ç½®æ¶çµå¿è½çå·®å¼ï½
11.çµåºåååä¸çµå¿è½ååÎEABï¼-WABï¼-qUAB (çµå¿è½çå¢éçäºçµåºåååçè´å¼)
12.çµå®¹Cï¼Q/U(å®ä¹å¼,计ç®å¼) ï½C:çµå®¹(F)ï¼Q:çµé(C)ï¼U:çµå(两ææ¿çµå¿å·®)(V)ï½
13.å¹³è¡æ¿çµå®¹å¨ççµå®¹Cï¼ÎµS/4Ïkdï¼S:两ææ¿æ£å¯¹é¢ç§¯ï¼d:两ææ¿é´çåç´è·ç¦»ï¼Ïï¼ä»çµå¸¸æ°ï¼
常è§çµå®¹å¨
14.带çµç²åå¨çµåºä¸çå é(Voï¼0)ï¼Wï¼ÎEKæqUï¼mVt2/2ï¼Vtï¼(2qU/m)1/2
15.带çµç²å沿åç´çµåºæ¹å以é度Voè¿å
¥å强çµåºæ¶çå转(ä¸èèéåä½ç¨çæ
åµä¸)
类平 åç´çµåºæ¹å:åéç´çº¿è¿å¨Lï¼Vot(å¨å¸¦çéå¼ç§çµè·çå¹³è¡ææ¿ä¸ï¼Eï¼U/d)
æè¿å¨ å¹³è¡çµåºæ¹å:åé度为é¶çåå éç´çº¿è¿å¨dï¼at2/2ï¼aï¼F/mï¼qE/m
注:
(1)两个å®å
¨ç¸åç带çµéå±å°çæ¥è§¦æ¶,çµéåé
è§å¾:å带å¼ç§çµè·çå
ä¸ååå¹³å,å带åç§çµè·çæ»éå¹³åï¼
(2)çµåºçº¿ä»æ£çµè·åºåç»æ¢äºè´çµè·,çµåºçº¿ä¸ç¸äº¤,å线æ¹å为åºå¼ºæ¹å,çµåºçº¿å¯å¤åºå¼ºå¤§,顺ççµåºçº¿çµå¿è¶æ¥è¶ä½,çµåºçº¿ä¸çå¿çº¿åç´ï¼
ï¼3ï¼å¸¸è§çµåºççµåºçº¿åå¸è¦æ±çè®°ï¼
(4)çµåºå¼ºåº¦ï¼ç¢éï¼ä¸çµå¿ï¼æ éï¼åç±çµåºæ¬èº«å³å®,èçµåºåä¸çµå¿è½è¿ä¸å¸¦çµä½å¸¦ççµéå¤å°åçµè·æ£è´æå
³ï¼
(5)å¤äºéçµå¹³è¡¡å¯¼ä½æ¯ä¸ªçå¿ä½,表é¢æ¯ä¸ªçå¿é¢,导ä½å¤è¡¨é¢éè¿ççµåºçº¿åç´äºå¯¼ä½è¡¨é¢ï¼å¯¼ä½å
é¨ååºå¼ºä¸ºé¶,导ä½å
é¨æ²¡æåçµè·,åçµè·åªåå¸äºå¯¼ä½å¤è¡¨é¢ï¼
(6)çµå®¹åä½æ¢ç®ï¼1Fï¼106μFï¼1012PFï¼
(7ï¼çµåä¼(eV)æ¯è½éçåä½,1eVï¼1.60Ã10-19Jï¼
(8)å
¶å®ç¸å
³å
容ï¼éçµå±è½ã/示波管ã示波å¨åå
¶åºç¨çå¿é¢ã
äºãæå®çµæµ
1.çµæµå¼ºåº¦ï¼Iï¼q/tï½I:çµæµå¼ºåº¦(Aï¼ï¼q:å¨æ¶é´tå
éè¿å¯¼ä½æ¨ªè½½é¢ççµé(Cï¼ï¼t:æ¶é´(sï¼ï½
2.欧å§å®å¾ï¼Iï¼U/R ï½I:导ä½çµæµå¼ºåº¦(A)ï¼U:导ä½ä¸¤ç«¯çµå(V)ï¼R:导ä½é»å¼(Ω)ï½
3.çµé»ãçµé»å®å¾ï¼Rï¼ÏL/Sï½Ï:çµé»ç(Ω?m)ï¼L:导ä½çé¿åº¦(m)ï¼S:导ä½æ¨ªæªé¢ç§¯(m2)ï½
4.éåçµè·¯æ¬§å§å®å¾ï¼Iï¼E/(r+R)æEï¼Ir+IRä¹å¯ä»¥æ¯Eï¼Uå
+Uå¤
ï½I:çµè·¯ä¸çæ»çµæµ(A)ï¼E:çµæºçµå¨å¿(V)ï¼R:å¤çµè·¯çµé»(Ω)ï¼r:çµæºå
é»(Ω)ï½
5.çµåä¸çµåçï¼Wï¼UItï¼Pï¼UIï½W:çµå(J)ï¼U:çµå(V)ï¼I:çµæµ(A)ï¼t:æ¶é´(s)ï¼P:çµåç(W)ï½
6.ç¦è³å®å¾ï¼Qï¼I2Rtï½Q:çµç(J)ï¼I:éè¿å¯¼ä½ççµæµ(A)ï¼R:导ä½ççµé»å¼(Ω)ï¼t:éçµæ¶é´(s)ï½
7.纯çµé»çµè·¯ä¸:ç±äºIï¼U/R,Wï¼Qï¼å æ¤Wï¼Qï¼UItï¼I2Rtï¼U2t/R
8.çµæºæ»å¨çãçµæºè¾åºåçãçµæºæçï¼Pæ»ï¼IEï¼Påºï¼IUï¼Î·ï¼Påº/Pæ»ï½I:çµè·¯æ»çµæµ(A)ï¼E:çµæºçµå¨å¿(V)ï¼U:路端çµå(V)ï¼Î·ï¼çµæºæçï½
9.çµè·¯ç串/并è 串èçµè·¯(PãUä¸Rææ£æ¯) 并èçµè·¯(PãIä¸Ræåæ¯)
çµé»å
³ç³»(串å并å) R串ï¼R1+R2+R3+ 1/R并ï¼1/R1+1/R2+1/R3+
çµæµå
³ç³» Iæ»ï¼I1ï¼I2ï¼I3 I并ï¼I1+I2+I3+
çµåå
³ç³» Uæ»ï¼U1+U2+U3+ Uæ»ï¼U1ï¼U2ï¼U3
åçåé
Pæ»ï¼P1+P2+P3+ Pæ»ï¼P1+P2+P3+
ä¸ãç£åº
1.ç£æåºå¼ºåº¦æ¯ç¨æ¥è¡¨ç¤ºç£åºç强弱åæ¹åçç©çé,æ¯ç¢éï¼åä½T),1Tï¼1N/A?m
2.å®å¹åFï¼BILï¼(注ï¼Lâ¥B) {B:ç£æåºå¼ºåº¦(T),F:å®å¹å(F),I:çµæµå¼ºåº¦(A),L:导线é¿åº¦(m)}
3.æ´ä»å
¹åfï¼qVB(注Vâ¥B);质谱仪ãè§ç¬¬äºåP155ã ï½f:æ´ä»å
¹å(N)ï¼q:带çµç²åçµé(C)ï¼V:带çµç²åé度(m/s)ï½
4.å¨éå忽ç¥ä¸è®¡(ä¸èèéå)çæ
åµä¸,带çµç²åè¿å
¥ç£åºçè¿å¨æ
åµ(ææ¡ä¸¤ç§)ï¼
ï¼1ï¼å¸¦çµç²å沿平è¡ç£åºæ¹åè¿å
¥ç£åº:ä¸åæ´ä»å
¹åçä½ç¨,ååéç´çº¿è¿å¨Vï¼V0
(2)带çµç²å沿åç´ç£åºæ¹åè¿å
¥ç£åº:ååéåå¨è¿å¨,è§å¾å¦ä¸a)Fåï¼fæ´ï¼mV2/rï¼mÏ2rï¼mr(2Ï/T)2ï¼qVBï¼rï¼mV/qBï¼Tï¼2Ïm/qBï¼(b)è¿å¨å¨æä¸åå¨è¿å¨çåå¾å线é度æ å
³,æ´ä»å
¹å对带çµç²åä¸åå(ä»»ä½æ
åµä¸)ï¼(c)解é¢å
³é®:ç»è½¨è¿¹ãæ¾åå¿ãå®åå¾ãåå¿è§ï¼ï¼äºå弦åè§ï¼ã
注ï¼
(1)å®å¹ååæ´ä»å
¹åçæ¹ååå¯ç±å·¦æå®åå¤å®ï¼åªæ¯æ´ä»å
¹åè¦æ³¨æ带çµç²åçæ£è´ï¼
(2)ç£æ线çç¹ç¹åå
¶å¸¸è§ç£åºçç£æ线åå¸è¦ææ¡ãè§å¾å第äºåP144ãï¼(3)å
¶å®ç¸å
³å
容ï¼å°ç£åº/ç£çµå¼çµè¡¨åçãè§ç¬¬äºåP150ã/åæå éå¨ãè§ç¬¬äºåP156ã/ç£æ§ææ
åãçµç£æåº
1.[æåºçµå¨å¿ç大å°è®¡ç®å
¬å¼]
1)Eï¼nÎΦ/Îtï¼æ®éå
¬å¼ï¼ï½æ³æ第çµç£æåºå®å¾ï¼Eï¼æåºçµå¨å¿(V)ï¼nï¼æåºçº¿ååæ°ï¼ÎΦ/Ît:ç£ééçååçï½
2)Eï¼BLVå(åå²ç£æ线è¿å¨) ï½L:ææé¿åº¦(m)ï½
3)Emï¼nBSÏï¼äº¤æµåçµæºæ大çæåºçµå¨å¿ï¼ ï½Em:æåºçµå¨å¿å³°å¼ï½
4)Eï¼BL2Ï/2ï¼å¯¼ä½ä¸ç«¯åºå®ä»¥Ïæ转åå²ï¼ ï½Ï:è§é度(rad/s)ï¼V:é度(m/s)ï½
2.ç£ééΦï¼BS {Φ:ç£éé(Wb),B:å强ç£åºçç£æåºå¼ºåº¦(T),S:æ£å¯¹é¢ç§¯(m2)}
3.æåºçµå¨å¿çæ£è´æå¯å©ç¨æåºçµæµæ¹åå¤å®ï½çµæºå
é¨ççµæµæ¹åï¼ç±è´ææµåæ£æï½
*4.èªæçµå¨å¿Eèªï¼nÎΦ/Îtï¼LÎI/Îtï½L:èªæç³»æ°(H)(线åLæéè¯æ¯æ éè¯æ¶è¦å¤§)ï¼ÎI:ååçµæµï¼?t:æç¨æ¶é´ï¼ÎI/Ît:èªæçµæµååç(ååçå¿«æ
¢)ï½
注ï¼(1)æåºçµæµçæ¹åå¯ç¨æ¥æ¬¡å®å¾æå³æå®åå¤å®ï¼æ¥æ¬¡å®å¾åºç¨è¦ç¹ï¼(2)èªæçµæµæ»æ¯é»ç¢å¼èµ·èªæçµå¨å¿ççµæµçååï¼(3)åä½æ¢ç®ï¼1Hï¼103mHï¼106μHã(4)å
¶å®ç¸å
³å
容ï¼èªæã
äºã交åçµæµï¼æ£å¼¦å¼äº¤åçµæµï¼
1.çµåç¬æ¶å¼eï¼EmsinÏt çµæµç¬æ¶å¼iï¼ImsinÏtï¼(Ïï¼2Ïf)
2.çµå¨å¿å³°å¼Emï¼nBSÏï¼2BLv çµæµå³°å¼(纯çµé»çµè·¯ä¸)Imï¼Em/Ræ»
3.æ£(ä½)弦å¼äº¤åçµæµææå¼ï¼Eï¼Em/(2)1/2ï¼Uï¼Um/(2)1/2 ï¼Iï¼Im/(2)1/2
4.çæ³ååå¨åå¯çº¿åä¸ççµåä¸çµæµååçå
³ç³»
U1/U2ï¼n1/n2ï¼ I1/I2ï¼n2/n2ï¼ På
¥ï¼Påº
5.å¨è¿è·ç¦»è¾çµä¸,éç¨é«åè¾éçµè½å¯ä»¥åå°çµè½å¨è¾çµçº¿ä¸çæ失æâ²ï¼(P/U)2Rï¼ï¼Pæâ²:è¾çµçº¿ä¸æ失çåçï¼P:è¾éçµè½çæ»åçï¼U:è¾éçµåï¼R:è¾çµçº¿çµé»ãï¼
6.å
¬å¼1ã2ã3ã4ä¸ç©çéååä½ï¼Ï:è§é¢ç(rad/s)ï¼t:æ¶é´(s)ï¼n:线ååæ°ï¼B:ç£æ强度(T)ï¼
S:线åçé¢ç§¯(m2)ï¼Uè¾åº)çµå(V)ï¼I:çµæµå¼ºåº¦(A)ï¼P:åç(W)ã
温馨提示:答案为网友推荐,仅供参考