詹天佑是我国杰出的爱国工程师。从北京到张家口这一段铁路，最早是在他的主持下修筑成功的。这是第一条完全由我国的工程技术人员设计施工的铁路干线。
Zhan tianyou was China's outstanding patriotic engineer. From Beijing to zhang this a railway, is the earliest it is to be built under the auspices of in his success. This is the first full of our design and construction of engineering and technical personnel of the main railway line.
从北京到张家口的铁路长二百千米，是联结华北和西北的交通要道。当时，清政府刚提出修筑的计划，一些帝国主义国家就出来阻挠，他们都要争夺这条铁路的修筑权，想进一步控制我国的北部。帝国主义者谁也不肯让谁，事情争持了好久也得不到解决。他们最后提出一个条件：清政府如果用本国的工程师来修筑铁路，他们就不再过问。他们以为这样一要挟（xié），铁路就没法子动工，最后还得求助于他们。帝国主义者完全想错了，中国那时候已经有了自己的工程师，詹天佑就是其中的一位。
From Beijing to zhang railway is two hundred km, connect the north and the northwest hubs. At that time, the qing government first put forward the construction plan, some of the imperialist countries will stand in the way, they all want to compete for the right to build the railway, want to further control our north. Imperialists who also refused to let who, things for a long time not solve favoured. They finally put forward a condition: the qing government if the engineers to build with their domestic railway, and they will no longer be intervene. They think such a hostage (xie), railway is can't start, finally had to turn to them. The imperialists to completely wrong, China at that time already have their own engineer, zhan tianyou is one of them.
1905年，清政府任命詹天佑为总工程师，修筑从北京到张家口的铁路。消息一传出来，全国轰动，大家说这一回咱们可争了一口气。帝国主义者却认为这是个笑话。有一家外国报纸轻蔑地说：“能在南口以北修筑铁路的中国工程师还没有出世呢。”原来从南口往北过居庸（yōnɡ）关到八达岭，一路都是高山深涧，悬崖峭壁。他们认为，这样艰巨的工程，外国著名的工程师也不敢轻易尝试，中国人是无论如何也完成不了的。
In 1905 the qing government appointed chief engineer zhan tianyou to build the railway from Beijing to zhang. News receiving out, the national sensation, you said this time we can argue a sigh of relief. The imperialists thought it was a joke but. There is a foreign newspaper said contemptuously, "to be in the north of China railway construction nankou engineers have not born?" Originally from nankou north without the (y ō n ɡ) close to the badaling, all the way of the mountain of ease, the cliff. They think such a difficult project, foreign famous engineers also dare not easily try, the Chinese are no matter how to will not finish the.
詹天佑不怕困难，也不怕嘲笑，毅然接受了任务，马上开始勘（kān）测线路。哪里要开山，哪里要架桥，哪里要把陡坡铲平，哪里要把弯度改小，都要经过勘测，进行周密计算。詹天佑经常勉励工作人员，说：“我们的工作首先要精密，不能有一点儿马虎。‘大概’‘差不多’这类说法不应该出自工程人员之口。”他亲自带着学生和工人，扛着标杆，背着经纬（wěi）仪，在峭壁上定点、测绘。塞外常常狂风怒号，黄沙满天，一不小心还有坠入深谷的危险。不管条件怎样恶劣，詹天佑始终坚持在野外工作。白天，他攀山越岭，勘测线路；晚上，他就在油灯下绘图、计算。为了寻找一条合适的线路，他常常请教当地的农民。遇到困难，他总是想：这是中国人自己修筑的第一条铁路，一定要把它修好；否则，不但那些外国人要讥笑我们，而且会使中国的工程师失掉信心。
Zhan tianyou does not fear the difficulty, also not afraid to laugh at, resolutely accepted the task and immediately began survey (k ā n) measurement circuits. Where to mountain, where will the bridge, where to put the steep slope flattened, where to put the small amount change, want to pass on the investigation, careful calculation. Zhan tianyou often encourage staff, said: "our work first, not a little careless precision." probably ", "almost" this kind of statement should not come from the lips of the engineering personnel." He personally with students and workers, carried the benchmarking, carry jinwei (w ě I) device, in the cliff at surveying and mapping. Beyond often winds came in gusts, turning all over the sky, carelessly and fall into the deep dangerous. No matter how bad conditions, zhan tianyou always adhere to the work in the field. During the day, his servants mountain, survey lines; In the evening, he was under the lamp in the drawing, calculation. In order to find a suitable line, he often consult local farmers. Meet with difficulties, he always think: this is the Chinese themselves repaired the first railway, be sure to put it right; Otherwise, not only those foreigners to ridicule us, and will make Chinese engineers lose faith.
铁路要经过很多高山，不得不开凿隧（suì）道，其中居庸关和八达岭两个隧道的工程最艰巨。居庸关山势高，岩层厚，詹天佑决定采用从两端同时向中间凿进的办法。山顶的泉水往下渗（shèn），隧道里满是泥浆。工地上没有抽水机，詹天佑就带头挑着水桶去排水。他常常跟工人们同吃同住，不离开工地。八达岭隧道长一千一百多米，有居庸关隧道的三倍长。他跟老工人一起商量，决定采用中部凿井法，先从山顶往下打两口竖井，再分别向两头开凿。外面两端也同时施工，把工期缩短了一半。
Railway must pass through many mountains, had to build tunnel (sui) way, including the juyongguan and badaling two the construction of the tunnel the most difficult. The juyongguan high mountain, thick rock strata, zhan tianyou decided to adopt from both simultaneously to the middle way to cut into. The top of the mountain to the spring water infiltration (shen), the tunnel is full of mud. The site without water pump, zhan tianyou american-led carrying buckets to drain the water. He often with the workers together eat to live, not to leave the site. The badaling tunnel more than one thousand one hundred meters long, there are three times as long as the juyongguan tunnel. He heads together with old worker, decided to use the central cut well method, first from the top of the hill to play two vertical shaft, again separately to two head digging. Both ends outside also construction, the construction period shortens the half.
铁路经过青龙桥附近，坡度特别大。火车怎么才能爬上这样的陡坡呢？詹天佑顺着山势，设计了一种“人”字形线路。北上的列车到了南口就用两个火车头，一个在前边拉，一个在后边推。过青龙桥，列车向东北前进，过了“人”字形线路的岔道口就倒过来，原先推的火车头拉，原先拉的火车头推，使列车折向西北前进。这样一来，火车上山就容易得多了。
Railway after tsing lung bridge near, especially large slope. How can train the steep slope of the climb this? Zhan tianyou down hill, design a kind of "people" glyph lines. Up north to train with two nankou locomotive, one on the front to pull, a back on. A tsing lung bridge, the train to northeast forward, and, after a "people" glyph line fork mouth was the opposite, originally the locomotive of the push pull, had to pull the locomotive of the push, make train bends to the northwest forward. In this way, the train went up into the mountain will be easier.
这条铁路不满四年就全线竣（jùn）工了，比原计划提早了两年。这件事给了藐（miǎo）视中国的帝国主义者一个有力的回击。今天，我们乘火车去八达岭，过青龙桥车站，可以看到一座铜像，那就是詹天佑塑像。
The railway with all four years (jun) method is quite job, earlier than planned for two years. This matter to demonstrate variously (mi ǎ o) view China imperialists a powerful hit back. Today, we take the train to badaling, tsing lung bridge station, can see a bronze statue, that is zhan tianyou statue.
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