初中形容词副词比较级语法要点跪求!

如题所述

3个比较级别

形容词大多可以比较,有3个比较级别。形容词的原来形式称为原级:
This house is small.
He is a wise man.
I found this horse very fast.
表示一样东西或人比另一样东西或人“更……”的形容词,称为这个形容词的比较级,单音节形容词的比较级由该词加词尾-er构成:
This house is smaller than yours.
These houses are smallerthan those.
He is a wiser man than his father.
I found this horse faster than that.
表示在3个或更多的东西或人中“最……”的形容词,称为这个形容词的最高级,单音节词以加-est方式构成最高级:
This house is the smallest of all.
These five houses are thesmallest of all.
He is the wisest man in this city.
I found this horse fastest of all.
I found these horses fastest ofall.
双音节或多音节形容词,多以前面加more的方式构成比较级,以加most 的方式构成最高级:
This house is beautiful.(原级)
He is a cunning man.
I found the horse very useful.
This house is more beautiful(比较级)than yours.
He is a more cunning man than his brotner.
I found the horse more useful than that one.
This house is the most beautiful(最高级)of all.
He is the most cunning man I ever saw.
I found the horse the most useful of all.
还有一种比较方法,即往下比,表示“较不……”,“最不……”,这时可以分别在形容词前加less或least。由less构成的比较级称为较低级(Comparative of Inferiority),以least构成的最高级称为最低级(Superlative of Inferiority):
This house is less beautiful(不如……美) than yours.
He is a less cunning man than his brother.
This house is the least beautiful(最不美) of all.
He is the least cunning man thatI ever saw.
副词也可以同样方式进行比较:
John ran fast—faster thanI—the fastest of all.
He writes carefully—more carefully thanI—the most care-fully in class.

变化形式:
1 ,单音节形容词、副词通常都以加-er和-est的方式构成其比较级和最高级:
但在加词尾时要注意:
1)一般加-er,est
2)以-e结尾的词,只加-r和-st
3)“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字”(简称CVC)构成的词,末尾字母要双写,再加-er和-est
2 ,以y结尾的词,先变y为i,再加词尾,如happy,happier,happiest
3,上面未提到的双音节词,通常多加more和 most
4,三音节或更多音节的词通常都加more和most
5,双音节副词,特别是以-ly结尾的,大多加 more和most
6,还有一些形容词有不规则的比较形式:
good(well)better best
bad(ill,evil)worse worst
many(much)more most
little less(lesser)least
old older(elder)oldest(eldest)
late later(latter)latest(last)
far farther(further)farthest(furthest)
nearnearernearest(next)

无法比较的形容词与副词
大多数品质形容词都可进行比较,但某些形容词是绝对的,无法比较的。我们可以说 nearly perfect,quite empty,almost dead,但不能说more perfect,emptier,most dead,也不能说This is rounder than that.
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第1个回答  2012-07-31
good better best