高考英语之虚拟语气归纳整理wish和as if

如题所述

在高考英语中,虚拟语气是一种重要的语法结构,主要通过wish和as if来表达愿望和假设情况。

首先,对于表示与现在事实相反的愿望,其构成是:主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + 动词过去式(be 用were)。例如,我们可以说 "I wish I knew everything in the world"(我希望我知道世界上所有的事),"I wish that the experiment were a success"(我希望这个实验是成功的),以及 "We wish we had wings"(我们希望有翅膀)。

其次,对于与过去事实相反的愿望,使用 "wish" 时,从句中会使用 "would/could + have + 过去分词" 或 "had + 过去分词"。如 "I wish that you had called yesterday"(我希望你昨天来过),"I wish that I could have gone with you last night"(我希望我昨晚能和你一起去),以及 "I didn't go to the party, but I do wish I had been there"(我没有去参加晚会,但我真希望我去过)。

而对于不太可能实现的将来愿望,主句会使用 "wish",后面跟 "would/should/could/might + 原形动词"。例如 "I wish that he could try again"(我希望他能再次尝试),"I wish that someday I should live on the moon"(我希望有一天能住在月球上),以及 "We wish that they would come soon"(我们希望他们能快点来)。

在as if引导的虚拟语气中,"It is as if…" 表达一种假设的条件,比如在电影《33 A Day to Remember》中的 "As if this were not enough to reduce you to tears, your husband arrives",这是使用了与现在事实相反的虚拟假设。学习时,北京新东方名师建议,通过对比和举例等方法来更好地掌握这种语法结构。

总之,理解和掌握虚拟语气,尤其是wish和as if的用法,对提高英语考试成绩至关重要,要善于运用各种学习技巧来提升自己的语言表达能力。
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